Taxon:
Cichorium intybus L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:813. 1753
Verified:
06/21/2012
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource). URL: http://www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/related/Cichorium_intybus/
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand. URL: http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/index.aspx
- Blervacq, A. S. et al. 1995. First divisions of somatic embryogenic cells in Cichorium hybrid "474". Protoplasma 186:163?168.
- CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables
- Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning
- Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 274.
- Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
- Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7 Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
- Desprez, B. F. et al. 1994. Genetique et amelioration de la chicoree industrielle (Genetics and breeding of industrial chicory). Compt. Rend. Acad. Agric. France 80(7):47-62.
- Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
- Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
- Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). URL: http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
- FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America. URL: http://floranorthamerica.org/
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Cichorium+intybus&quantity=1
- Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14
- Ghazanfar, S. A. 1992. An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of Oman. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2
- Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
- Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 URL: http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
- Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. 1989-. Flora of Ethiopia Note: Eritrea added in 2000
- Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
- Hokche, O. et al. 2008. Nuevo catálogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela.
- Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds
- Hu, S.-Y. 1970. Compositae of China. 48.
- Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource). URL: http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html
- Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. URL: http://www2.darwin.edu.ar/Proyectos/FloraArgentina/FA.asp
- International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
- Jardin botanique national de Belgique. 1967-. Flore du Congo, du Rwanda et du Burundi (Flore d'Afrique centrale).
- John, P. 1996. Control of fructan metabolism in the Compositae. Compositae: biology and utilization. 2:111-119.
- Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
- Kiers, A. M. et al. 2000. A search for diagnostic AFLP markers in Cichorium species with emphasis on endive and chicory cultivar groups. Genome 43:470-476.
- Kiers, A. M. 2000. Endive, chicory, and their wild relatives. A systematic and phylogenetic study of Cichorium (Asteraceae). Gorteria supp. 5:61-65.
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
- Kunkel, G. 1984. Plants for human consumption
- Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
- Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2 161-162.
- Li, H. L. et al., eds. 1975-1979. Flora of Taiwan.
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
- Mansfeld, R. 1959. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2. Note: = Cichorium intybus var. foliosum
- Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
- Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
- Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
- Radford, A. E. et al., eds. 1980-. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States.
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- Rehm, S. & G. Espig. 1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics
- Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
- Sell, P. & G. Murrell. 1996-. Flora of Great Britain and Ireland.
- Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of India.
- Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. 1946-1976. Flora of Guatemala.
- Stewart, R. 1972. An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of West Pakistan and Kashmir
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
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- 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
English
Belgium endive –
chicory –
coffee chicory –
French endive –
succory –
witloof –
English (Canada)
chicory –
French
chicon –
chicorée –
chicorée à café –
chicorée de Bruxelles –
chicorée sauvage –
endive –
endive witloof –
witloof –
French (Canada)
chicorée sauvage –
German
Chicorée –
Fleischkraut –
Kaffeezichorie –
Salatzichorie –
Wegwarte –
Wurzelzichorie –
Italian
cicoria –
radicchio –
Spanish
achicoria de Bruselas –
achicoria de café –
achicoria de raíz –
Swedish
cikoria –
Transcribed Chinese
ju ju –
Distribution
Showing 1 to 10 of 129 entries
Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Tunisia | | |
Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Armenia | | |
Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Azerbaijan | | |
Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Georgia | | |
Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia | Ciscaucasia | |
Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kazakhstan | | |
Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kyrgyzstan | | |
Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Tajikistan | | |
Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Turkmenistan | | |
Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Uzbekistan | | |
Showing 1 to 10 of 129 entries
Native
Africa
Asia-Temperate
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
-
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia
-
SIBERIA:
Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
-
MIDDLE ASIA:
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
India [Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab], Pakistan
Europe
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark, United Kingdom, Sweden
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
-
EASTERN EUROPE:
Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece (incl. Crete), Croatia, Italy (incl. Sicily), North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica)
Cultivated
Africa
-
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Sudan
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
India
-
INDO-CHINA:
Myanmar
Australasia
-
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
-
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Europe
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark, United Kingdom
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
-
EASTERN EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part [European part]
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Italy, Romania
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain, France
Northern America
-
REGION:
Canada, United States
Adventive
Europe
Naturalized
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Portugal [Azores]
-
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria, Morocco
-
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Eritrea, Ethiopia
-
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA:
Democratic Republic of the Congo
-
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
Lesotho, South Africa
Asia-Temperate
-
ARABIAN PENINSULA:
Oman
-
CHINA:
China
-
EASTERN ASIA:
Taiwan
Australasia
-
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
-
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Europe
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Ireland, Norway
-
EASTERN EUROPE:
Moldova
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Portugal
Northern America
-
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada [Québec, Nova Scotia, Ontario, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador], St. Pierre and Miquelon
-
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada [Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia]
-
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont]
-
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri]
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Arkansas, North Carolina]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Texas]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [California, Nevada, Utah]
Southern America
-
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Venezuela [Tachira]
-
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina, Chile, Uruguay
Other
(exact native range obscure)
Economic Uses
Showing 1 to 7 of 7 entries
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Food additives | dietary fiber | source of fructan | John, P. 1996. Control of fructan metabolism in the Compositae. Compositae: biology and utilization. 2:111-119. |
Food additives | flavoring | | Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2 161-162. |
Human food | beverage base | | Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2 161-162. |
Medicines | folklore | | Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs |
Medicines | folklore | | McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland. |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning |
Weed | potential seed contaminant | fide Geigy Weed Tables. 1968 | CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables |
Showing 1 to 7 of 7 entries