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Taxon:
Colocasia esculenta
(L.) Schott
Nomenclature
Common Names
Distribution
Economic Uses
Summary
Genus:
Colocasia
Family:
Araceae
Subfamily:
Aroideae
Tribe:
Colocasieae
Nomen number:
11177
Place of publication:
H. Schott & S. L. Endlicher, Melet. bot. 18. 1832
Verified:
11/01/1985
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0
(
0
active,
0
available)
in National Plant Germplasm System.
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Arum esculentum
L.
Homotypic Synonym(s)
Caladium esculentum
(L.) Vent.
Colocasia antiquorum
Schott var.
esculenta
(L.) Schott
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Colocasia antiquorum
Schott
Colocasia antiquorum
Schott var.
antiquorum
Colocasia antiquorum
Schott var.
euchlora
(K. Koch & Sello) Schott ex Engl.
Colocasia formosana
Hayata
Colocasia gaoligongensis
H. Li & C. L. Long
Colocasia gongii
C. L. Long & H. Li
Colocasia konishii
Hayata
Colocasia lihengiae
C. L. Long & K. M. Liu
Colocasia tonoimo
Nakai
No images
Reference(s)
Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson.
2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
www.skud.info
Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques & South African National Biodiversity Institute.
African flowering plants database (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/recherche.php
Cufodontis, G.
1953-1972. Enumeratio plantarum aethiopiae: Spermatophyta.
Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds.
1987. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon. 6:54-55.
Erhardt, W. et al.
2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
Flach, M. & F. Rumawas, eds.
1996. Plants yielding non-seed carbohydrates. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 9:69-72.
URL:
http://proseanet.org
FNA Editorial Committee.
1993-. Flora of North America.
URL:
http://floranorthamerica.org/
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
URL:
http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Colocasia+esculenta&quantity=1
Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin.
2002. World checklist and bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae).
URL:
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do
Groth, D.
2005. pers. comm.
Note:
re. Brazilian common names
Helmkampf, M. et al.
2017. Phylogenetic relationships, breeding implications, and cultivation history of Hawaiian taro (
Colocasia esculenta
) through genome-wide SNP genotyping. J. Heredity 1-11.
DOI:
10.1093/jhered/esx070
.
Hill, A. F.
1939. The correct names of certain economic plants. Bot. Mus. Leafl. 7:113-118.
Howard, R. A.
1979. Monocotyledoneae. Flora of the lesser Antilles. 3:382, 384-385.
Note:
published on 31 July 1979, citation of lectotype attributed here, page 382
Hunt, H. V. et al.
2013. Genetic data confirms field evidence for natural breeding in a wild taro population (
Colocasia esculenta
) in northern Queensland, Australia. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 60:1695-1707.
URL:
http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10722
Ivancic, A. & V. Lebot.
1999. Botany and genetics of New Caledonian wild taro
Colocasia esculenta
. Pacific Sci. 53:273-285.
Jansen van Rensberg, W. S. et al.
2013. Molecular characterization of South African taro (
Colocasia esculenta
) germplasm using SSR markers. Acta Hort. 979:459-466.
Jarvis, C. et al.
Linnaean plant name typification project (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.nhm.ac.uk/botany/linnaean/databasehome.html
Note:
cites R. A. Howard as author of lectotypification in Flora of Lesser Antilles 3:382. 1979
Joubert, F. J.
1997. Taro (
Colocasia esculenta
), an under exploited tuber crop in South Africa. J. S. African Soc. Hort. Sci. 7(2):39-43.
Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper.
1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
Kingsbury, J. M.
1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada.
Note:
poisonous
Kreike, C. M. et al.
2004. Genetic diversity of taro,
Colocasia esculenta
(L.) Schott, in Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Theor. Appl. Genet. 109:761-768.
URL:
http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann.
1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants
Note:
poisonous
Lazarides, M. & B. Hince.
1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium.
1976. Hortus third.
Liogier, H. A. & L. F. Martorell.
1982. Flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic synopsis.
Markle, G. M. et al., eds.
1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker.
2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Mun-Chan, B. et al.
1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:92.
Nicolson, D. H.
1979. Flora vitiensis nova. 1:456-457.
Note:
published on April 1979; it cited "apparently typified by the illustration ...of Sloane, Voy. Jamaica 1: 167, t. 106, f.1. 1707"
Personal Care Products Council.
INCI
URL:
http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
Porcher, M. H. et al.
Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
Quero-Garcia, J. et al.
2010. Chapter 5. Taro and cocoyam. Handbook of Plant Breeding. Root and Tuber Crops. 7 149-172.
Rehm, S.
1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
The Missouri Botanical Garden with others.
A Catalogue of the vascular plants of Madagascar (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.tropicos.org/project/mada
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds.
1964-1980. Flora europaea.
Walker, E.
1976. Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu Islands.
Walters, S. M. et al., eds.
1986-2000. European garden flora.
Weber, E.
2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Westphal, E. & P. C. M. Jansen, eds.
1989. A selection. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) A:102.
URL:
http://proseanet.org
Xu, J. C. et al.
2001. Genetic diversity in taro (
Colocasia esculenta
Schott, Araceae) in China: An ethnobotanical and genetic approach. Econ. Bot. 55:14-31.
URL:
http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/12231
1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.prota4u.info/
Common names
English
cocoyam –
Reference(s)
dasheen –
Reference(s)
eddo –
Reference(s)
elephant's-ear –
Reference(s)
taro –
Reference(s)
French
colocasie –
Reference(s)
German
Taro –
Reference(s)
Zehrwurzel –
Reference(s)
India
arum –
Reference(s)
Malay
daun keladi –
Reference(s)
Portuguese (Brazil)
inhame –
Reference(s)
inhame-branco –
Reference(s)
inhame-da-África –
Reference(s)
inhame-da-costa –
Reference(s)
taioba-de-São-Tomé –
Reference(s)
South Africa (Zulu)
madumbe –
Reference(s)
Spanish
alcocaz –
Reference(s)
colocasia –
Reference(s)
malanga –
Reference(s)
tayoba –
Reference(s)
Swedish
taro –
Reference(s)
Transcribed Korean
toran –
Reference(s)
Distribution
Exportable format
order_code
Status
Continent
Subcontinent
Country
State
Note
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
China
China
Yunnan Sheng
as
C. antiquorum
1
Native
Australasia
Australia
Australia
Queensland
2
Cultivated
widely cult. in tropics
2
Cultivated
Africa
Southern Africa
South Africa
4
Naturalized
Africa
Macaronesia
Cabo Verde
4
Naturalized
Africa
Macaronesia
Portugal
Azores
4
Naturalized
Africa
Macaronesia
Portugal
Madeira Islands
4
Naturalized
Africa
Macaronesia
Spain
Canary Islands
4
Naturalized
Africa
Northern Africa
Algeria
4
Naturalized
Africa
Northern Africa
Libya
4
Naturalized
Africa
Northern Africa
Morocco
4
Naturalized
Australasia
New Zealand
New Zealand
4
Naturalized
Europe
Europe
s.
4
Naturalized
Northern America
United States
s.e.
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Caribbean
West Indies
6
Other
probable origin "Indo-Malayan, between Myanmar and Bangladesh"
Native
Asia-Temperate
CHINA:
China
[Yunnan Sheng (as
C. antiquorum
)]
Australasia
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
[Queensland]
Cultivated
REGION:
Africa
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
South Africa
Naturalized
Africa
MACARONESIA:
Cabo Verde
,
Spain
[Canary Islands],
Portugal
[Azores, Madeira Islands]
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria
,
Libya
,
Morocco
Australasia
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Europe
REGION:
Europe
(s.)
Northern America
REGION:
United States
(s.e.)
Southern America
CARIBBEAN:
West Indies
Other
(probable origin "Indo-Malayan, between Myanmar and Bangladesh")
Economic Uses
Usage
Type
Note
Reference
Animal food
potential as fodder
Joubert, F. J.
1997. Taro (
Colocasia esculenta
), an under exploited tuber crop in South Africa. J. S. African Soc. Hort. Sci. 7(2):39-43.
Environmental
agroforestry
Xu, J. C. et al.
2001. Genetic diversity in taro (
Colocasia esculenta
Schott, Araceae) in China: An ethnobotanical and genetic approach. Econ. Bot. 55:14-31.
URL:
http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/12231
Environmental
ornamental
Weber, E.
2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Environmental
ornamental
Walters, S. M. et al., eds.
1986-2000. European garden flora.
Human food
starch
Xu, J. C. et al.
2001. Genetic diversity in taro (
Colocasia esculenta
Schott, Araceae) in China: An ethnobotanical and genetic approach. Econ. Bot. 55:14-31.
URL:
http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/12231
Human food
starch
Weber, E.
2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Human food
vegetable
Howard, R. A.
1979. Monocotyledoneae. Flora of the lesser Antilles. 3:382, 384-385.
Note:
published on 31 July 1979, citation of lectotype attributed here, page 382
Human food
vegetable
Weber, E.
2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Medicines
folklore
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker.
2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Vertebrate poisons
mammals
Kingsbury, J. M.
1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada.
Note:
poisonous
Vertebrate poisons
mammals
Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann.
1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants
Note:
poisonous
Weed
Weber, E.
2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Name
References