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Taxon:
Euphorbia esula
L.
Nomenclature
Common Names
Distribution
Economic Uses
Summary
Genus:
Euphorbia
Family:
Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily:
Euphorbioideae
Tribe:
Euphorbieae
Subtribe:
Euphorbiinae
Nomen number:
16366
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:461. 1753
Comment:
non
Euphorbia esula
auct. mult. (=
E. virgata
Waldst. & Kit., a noxious North American weed)
Typification:
View in Linnean Typification Project
Verified:
05/08/2012
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0
(
0
active,
0
available)
in National Plant Germplasm System.
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Autonym(s)
Euphorbia esula
L. subsp.
esula
No images
Reference(s)
Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson.
2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
www.skud.info
Augé, M. et al.
2016. Genetic characterization of a red colour morph of
Euphorbia esula
subsp.
esula
(Euphorbiaceae) in the floodplains of the Saône (Eastern France). Botany 94:1001-1007.
URL:
http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/rp-ps/journalDetail.jsp?jcode=cjb&lang=eng
Castroviejo, S. et al., eds.
1989-. Flora iberica: plantas vasculares de la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares.
Chinese Academy of Sciences.
1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
Crompton, C. W. et al.
1990. Morphometric studies of the
Euphorbia esula
group in North America. Canad. J. Bot. 68:1978-1988.
Darbyshire, S. J.
2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 163.
Encke, F. et al.
1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
Erhardt, W. et al.
2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
Frajman, B. & P. Schönswetter.
2011. Giants and dwarfs: molecular phylogenies reveal multiple origins of annual spurges within
Euphorbia
subg.
Esula
. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 61:413-424.
URL:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10557903
Geltman, D. V.
1998. Taxonomic notes on
Euphorbia esula
(Euphorbiaceae) with special reference to its occurrence in the east part of the Baltic region. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 35:116.
URL:
http://www.sekj.org/AnnBot.html
Govaerts, R. et al.
2000. World checklist and bibliography of Euphorbiaceae
URL:
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do
Greuter, W. et al., eds.
1984-. Med-Checklist.
Note:
= aggr.
Groth, D.
2005. pers. comm.
Note:
re. Brazilian common names
Komarov, V. L. et al., eds.
1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
Munro, D. B.
Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
Personal Care Products Council.
INCI
URL:
http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
Riina, R. & P. E. Berry, coord.
Euphorbia
Planetary Biodiversity Inventory (on-line resource).
URL:
http://app.tolkin.org/projects/72/taxa/91518
Riina, R. et al.
2013. A worldwide molecular phylogeny and classification of the leafy spurges,
Euphorbia
subgenus
Esula
(Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 62:316-342.
URL:
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax
Riina, R. et al.
2016.
Euphorbia
. Flora of North America. 12:312
URL:
http://floranorthamerica.org/
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds.
1964-1980. Flora europaea.
Walters, S. M. et al., eds.
1986-2000. European garden flora.
2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
English
leafy spurge –
Reference(s)
wolf's-milk –
Reference(s)
English (Canada)
leafy spurge –
Reference(s)
French (Canada)
euphorbe ésule –
Reference(s)
German
Esels-Wolfsmilch –
Reference(s)
Ruten-Wolfsmilch –
Reference(s)
Portuguese (Brazil)
leiteira-folhosa –
Reference(s)
Swedish
vargtörel –
Reference(s)
Distribution
Exportable format
order_code
Status
Continent
Subcontinent
Country
State
Note
1
Native
Africa
Macaronesia
Portugal
Azores
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Armenia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Azerbaijan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Georgia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Russian Federation
Dagestan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia
Ciscaucasia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
China
China
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Eastern Asia
Korea
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Kazakhstan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Kyrgyzstan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Tajikistan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Turkmenistan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Uzbekistan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Mongolia
Mongolia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Russian Far East
Russian Federation
Amur
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Siberia
Russian Federation
Altay
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Siberia
Russian Federation
Buryatia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Siberia
Russian Federation
Irkutsk
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Siberia
Russian Federation
Krasnoyarsk
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Siberia
Russian Federation-Western Siberia
Western Siberia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Afghanistan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Iran
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Iraq
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Lebanon
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Syria
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Turkey
1
Native
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Pakistan
n.
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Estonia
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Latvia
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Lithuania
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Moldova
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Russian Federation-European part
European part
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Ukraine
incl. Krym
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Austria
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Belgium
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Czech Republic
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Germany
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Hungary
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Netherlands
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Poland
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Switzerland
1
Native
Europe
Northern Europe
Finland
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Bulgaria
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Former Yugoslavia
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Italy
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Romania
1
Native
Europe
Southwestern Europe
France
incl. Corsica
1
Native
Europe
Southwestern Europe
Portugal
1
Native
Europe
Southwestern Europe
Spain
3
Adventive
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
North Dakota
3
Adventive
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Indiana
3
Adventive
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Michigan
3
Adventive
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
New York
3
Adventive
Pacific
North-Central Pacific
United States
Hawaii
4
Naturalized
Europe
Northern Europe
Denmark
4
Naturalized
Europe
Northern Europe
Norway
4
Naturalized
Europe
Northern Europe
United Kingdom
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Mexico
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Eastern Canada
Canada
Ontario
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Western Canada
Canada
Alberta
Native
Africa
MACARONESIA:
Portugal
[Azores]
Asia-Temperate
WESTERN ASIA:
Afghanistan
,
Iran
,
Iraq
,
Lebanon
,
Syria
,
Turkey
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia
[Ciscaucasia],
Armenia
,
Azerbaijan
,
Georgia
,
Russian Federation
[Dagestan]
SIBERIA:
Russian Federation-Western Siberia
[Western Siberia],
Russian Federation
[Buryatia, Altay, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk]
MIDDLE ASIA:
Kazakhstan
,
Kyrgyzstan
,
Tajikistan
,
Turkmenistan
,
Uzbekistan
MONGOLIA:
Mongolia
RUSSIAN FAR EAST:
Russian Federation
[Amur]
CHINA:
China
EASTERN ASIA:
Korea
Asia-Tropical
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
Pakistan
(n.)
Europe
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Finland
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria
,
Belgium
,
Switzerland
,
Czech Republic
,
Germany
,
Hungary
,
Netherlands
,
Poland
EASTERN EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part
[European part],
Belarus
,
Estonia
,
Lithuania
,
Latvia
,
Moldova
,
Ukraine
(incl. Krym)
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Former Yugoslavia
,
Bulgaria
,
Italy
,
Romania
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain
,
France
(incl. Corsica),
Portugal
Adventive
Northern America
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States
[Indiana, Michigan, New York]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States
[North Dakota]
Pacific
NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
United States
[Hawaii]
Naturalized
Europe
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark
,
United Kingdom
,
Norway
Northern America
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada
[Ontario]
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada
[Alberta]
REGION:
Mexico
Name
References