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Taxon:  Gleditsia triacanthos L.



Summary
Genus:
Gleditsia
Family:
Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)
Subfamily:
Caesalpinioideae
Tribe:
Caesalpinieae
Nomen number:
17641
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:1056. 1753
Verified:
06/28/1989 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
3 (3  active, 2  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Gleditsia triacanthos L. f. inermis (L.) C. K. Schneid. (0 active accession[s])
Gleditsia triacanthos L. f. triacanthos (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
  2. Castroviejo, S. et al., eds. 1989-. Flora iberica: plantas vasculares de la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares.
  3. Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
  4. Csurhes, S. M. & D. Kriticos. 1994. Gleditsia triacanthos L. (Caesalpiniaceae), another thorny, exotic fodder tree gone wild. Pl. Protect. Quart. 9:101-105.
  5. Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
  6. Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
  7. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). URL: http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
  8. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Gleditsia+triacanthos&quantity=1
  9. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14
  10. Graham, E. H. 1941. Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. USDA Misc. Publ. 412.
  11. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
  12. Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 URL: http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
  13. Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
  14. Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
  15. International Seed Testing Association. 1971. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 2. Trees.
  16. Isely, D. 1975. Leguminosae of the United States: II. Subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 25(2):159.
  17. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
  18. Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States
  19. McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
  20. National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
  21. Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
  22. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  23. Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
  24. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  25. Voss, E. 1972-. Michigan flora.
  26. Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
  27. Wofford, B. E. Database of Tennessee vascular plants (on-line resource). URL: https://herbarium.utk.edu/vascular/vascular-database.php?CategoryID=Dicots&FamilyID=Fabaceae&GenusID=Gleditsia&SpeciesID=triacanthos
  28. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
  29. Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996, 1999. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74.
  30. 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
  31. 2018. Oklahoma vascular plant database URL: http://www.oklahomaplantdatabase.org/
Common names
English
honey-locust –
sweet-bean –
sweet-locust –
three-thorn-acacia –
Afrikaans
Amerikaanse driedoring –
soetpeulboom –
French
carouge à miel –
épine-du-Christ –
févier d'Amérique –
piquant amourette –
German
amerikanische Gleditschie –
dreidornige Gleditschie –
Italian
gleditsia a tre pine –
spino di Giuda –
Portuguese
espinheiro-da-Virginia –
Spanish
acacia negra –
acacias de tres espinas –
algarrobo de miel –
gledichia –
Swedish
korstörne –
Transcribed Chinese
mei guo zao jia –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeNorthern AmericaEastern CanadaCanadaOntario 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesIllinois 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesIowa 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesKansas 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesMinnesotas.e.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesMissouri 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesNebraska 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesOklahoma 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesSouth Dakotas.e.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesWisconsin 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesIndiana 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMichigans.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesPennsylvania 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSouth-Central U.S.A.United StatesTexas 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesAlabama 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesArkansas 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesFloridahttp://www.plantatlas.usf.edu/main.asp?plantID=3555
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesGeorgia 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesKentucky 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesLouisiana 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesMarylandw.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesMississippi 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesNorth Carolinaw.
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesSouth Carolina 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesTennessee 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesVirginias.w.
2Cultivated    also cult.
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeMoldova  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine incl. Krym
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeCzechoslovakia  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
4NaturalizedEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance  
4NaturalizedEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  
4NaturalizedEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain  
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States extreme e.
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentina  
Native
Northern America
  • EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Ontario]
  • NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Indiana, Michigan (s.), Pennsylvania]
  • NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota (s.e.), Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota (s.e.), Wisconsin]
  • SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Florida (http://www.plantatlas.usf.edu/main.asp?plantID=3555), Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland (w.), Mississippi, North Carolina (w.), South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia (s.w.)]
  • SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Texas]
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
Europe
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Czechoslovakia, Austria, Germany
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Italy, Romania
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France, Portugal
Northern America
  • REGION: United States (extreme e.)
Southern America
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Animal foodpotential as fodder National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
Animal foodpotential as fodder Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Animal foodpotential as forage National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
Animal foodpotential as forage Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Environmentalerosion control National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
Environmentalornamental National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
Environmentalshade/shelter National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
Materialswood Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 URL: http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
Medicinesfolklore Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Weedpotential seed contaminant Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Weedpotential seed contaminant Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
Weedpotential seed contaminantin AustraliaCsurhes, S. M. & D. Kriticos. 1994. Gleditsia triacanthos L. (Caesalpiniaceae), another thorny, exotic fodder tree gone wild. Pl. Protect. Quart. 9:101-105.


ILRI Germplasm Policy (excerpts)

The International Livestock research Institute (ILRI) maintains a collection of forage germplasm as a global public good. The material was acquired prior to the entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity; or if it was acquired after the entering into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it was obtained with the understanding that it was held in trust and could be made available for any agricultural research, breeding and training purposes under the terms and conditions set out in the agreement between the ILRI and FAO dated 26 October 1994. On 16 October 2006, ILRI signed an agreement with the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) placing these in trust collections of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) within the purview of the Treaty.

In accordance with this Agreement, all shipments of PGRFA of crops listed in Annex 1 to the Treaty (shipments of PGRFA under the Multilateral System) will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA). In the event that the SMTA (attached) is used for the transfer of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture other than those listed in Annex 1 of the Treaty: i) The references in the SMTA to the "Multilateral System" shall not be interpreted as limiting the application of the SMTA to Annex 1 Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and in the case of Article 6.2 of the SMTA shall mean "under this Agreement". ii) The reference in Article 6.11 and Annex 3 of the SMTA to "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop, as set out in Annex 1 to the Treaty" shall be taken to mean "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop".

The material is held in trust and the recipient has no rights to obtain Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on the material or related information. The recipient may utilize and conserve the material for research, breeding and training and may distribute it to other parties provided such parties accept the terms and conditions of the SMTA .

ILRI will provide forage seeds in small experimental quantities of between 1 and 20 grams without charge from the germplasm collection under the SMTA as appropriate for the crop as part of its policy of maximizing the utilization of material for research, breeding and training. Larger quantities sufficient to sow up to one quarter of a hectare of a limited number of promising accessions will require that requesters cover the costs of production and shipping.

ILRI makes no warranties as to the safety or title of the material, nor as to the accuracy or correctness of any passport or other data provided with the material. Neither does it make any warranties as to the quality, viability, or purity (genetic or mechanical) of the material being furnished. The phytosanitary condition of the material is warranted only as described in the attached phytosanitary certificate. The recipient assumes full responsibility for complying with the recipient nation’s quarantine and biosafety regulations and rules as to import or release of genetic material.