Taxon:
Agrostemma githago L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:435. 1753
Comment:
- [screening of grain seed has reduced weediness]
- the specific epithet is a noun in apposition, and retains its own gender and termination irrespective of the gender of the generic name (Shenzhen ICN 23.5)
Verified:
11/21/1986
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Cabrera, A. L. & E. M. Zardini. 1978. Manual de la flora de los alrededores de Buenos Aires.
- Cabrera, A. L., ed. 1965-1970. Flora de la provincia de Buenos Aires.
- CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables
- Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
- Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 95-96.
- Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
- Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7 Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
- Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
- Duke, J. A. 1985. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
- Duncan, W. H. & J. T. Kartesz. 1981. Vascular flora of Georgia: an annotated checklist.
- Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
- Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). URL: http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
- Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca. URL: http://www.kew.org/efloras/namesearch.do
- FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America. URL: http://floranorthamerica.org/
- Forzza, R. C. et al., coord. Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil (on-line resource). URL: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/
- Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14
- Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2
- Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
- Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
- Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17.
- Harrington, H. 1954. Manual of the plants of Colorado.
- Hitchcock, C. L. et al. 1955-1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest.
- Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource). URL: http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html
- Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. URL: http://www2.darwin.edu.ar/Proyectos/FloraArgentina/FA.asp
- Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
- Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
- Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
- Kitagawa, M. 1979. Neo-lineamenta florae Manshuricae.
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
- Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
- Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
- Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
- Lems, K. 1960. Floristic botany of the Canary islands.
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
- Marzocca, A. 1994. Guia descriptiva de malezas del cono sur. 44.
- Mouterde, P. 1966-. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie.
- Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource). URL: http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
- Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. A California flora.
- Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
- Quézel, P. & S. Santa. 1962-1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
- Rabeler, R. 1997. pers. comm. Note: re. English common names
- Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
- Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
- Seed Regulatory and Testing Division, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act (updated annually). URL: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfile?dDocName=STELPRDC5090172
- Stewart, R. 1972. An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of West Pakistan and Kashmir
- Steyermark, J. A. 1977. Flora of Missouri.
- Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1993. Flora europaea, ed. 2.
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
- Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. 1966-. Flora palaestina.
- 1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
- 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
English
cockle – corn cockle – corn-campion – corn-pink – English (Canada)
purple cockle – French
nielle – French (Canada)
nielle – German
gewöhnliche Kornrade – Portuguese (Brazil)
joio-venenoso – nigela-dos-trigais – Swedish
klätt –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Algeria | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Libya | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Morocco | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Tunisia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Armenia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Heilongjiang Sheng | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Jilin Sheng | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Nei Mongol Zizhiqu | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kazakhstan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kyrgyzstan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Tajikistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Turkmenistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia | Eastern Siberia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation-Western Siberia | Western Siberia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Afghanistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iran | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iraq | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Israel | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Lebanon | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Syria | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Turkey | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Belarus | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Estonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Latvia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Lithuania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Moldova | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Russian Federation-European part | European part | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Ukraine | | incl. Krym |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Austria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Belgium | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Hungary | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Netherlands | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Slovakia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Denmark | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Ireland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Norway | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Sweden | | s. |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Croatia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Greece | | incl. Crete |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | incl. Sardinia, Sicily |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | North Macedonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Romania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | incl. Corsica |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Portugal | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | incl. Baleares |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | also cult. |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Macaronesia | Spain | Canary Islands | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | Australia | Australia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Germany | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Poland | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Northern Europe | Finland | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | New Brunswick | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Ontario | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Prince Edward Island | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Québec | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Illinois | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Iowa | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Kansas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Minnesota | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Missouri | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Nebraska | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | North Dakota | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Oklahoma | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | South Dakota | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Wisconsin | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Connecticut | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Indiana | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maine | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Massachusetts | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Michigan | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Hampshire | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Jersey | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New York | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Ohio | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Pennsylvania | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Rhode Island | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Vermont | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | West Virginia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Idaho | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Montana | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Oregon | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Washington | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Wyoming | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | New Mexico | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | Texas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Alabama | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Arkansas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Delaware | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | District of Columbia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Florida | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Georgia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Kentucky | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Louisiana | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maryland | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Mississippi | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | North Carolina | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | South Carolina | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Tennessee | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Virginia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | California | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Subarctic America | United States | Alaska | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Manitoba | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Saskatchewan | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Brazil | Brazil | Rio Grande do Sul | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Hispaniola | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Argentina | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Chile | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Uruguay | | |
6 | Other | | | | | exact native range in Asia obscure |
Native
Africa
-
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
-
CAUCASUS:
Armenia
-
SIBERIA:
Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
-
MIDDLE ASIA:
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan
-
CHINA:
China [Heilongjiang Sheng, Jilin Sheng, Nei Mongol Zizhiqu, Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu]
Europe
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden (s.)
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Hungary, Netherlands, Slovakia
-
EASTERN EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), North Macedonia, Romania
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated
(also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Spain [Canary Islands]
-
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
South Africa
Australasia
Europe
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Finland
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Germany, Poland
Northern America
-
SUBARCTIC AMERICA:
United States [Alaska]
-
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada [Québec, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick]
-
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada [Saskatchewan, Manitoba]
-
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
-
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
-
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming]
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [New Mexico, Texas]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [California]
Southern America
-
CARIBBEAN:
Hispaniola
-
BRAZIL:
Brazil [Rio Grande do Sul]
-
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina, Chile, Uruguay
Other
(exact native range in Asia obscure)
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Environmental | ornamental | | Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia |
Medicines | folklore | | Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous |
Weed | potential seed contaminant | fide Geigy Weed Tables, 1968 | CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables |