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Taxon:
Juglans cinerea
L.
Nomenclature
Common Names
Distribution
Economic Uses
Summary
Genus:
Juglans
Section:
Trachycaryon
Family:
Juglandaceae
Nomen number:
20732
Place of publication:
Syst. nat. ed. 10, 2:1273. 1759
Typification:
View in Linnean Typification Project
Verified:
07/15/2010
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0
(
0
active,
0
available)
in National Plant Germplasm System.
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images
Reference(s)
Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson.
2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
www.skud.info
Browne, E. T. & R. Athey.
1992. Vascular plants of Kentucky: an annotated checklist
Deam, C. C.
1940. Flora of Indiana.
Dong, W. et al.
2017. Phylogenetic resolution in
Juglans
based on complete chloroplast genomes and nuclear DNA sequences. Front. Plant Sci. 8:1148.
DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2017.01148
.
URL:
http://www.frontiersin.org/Plant_Science
Duke, J. A. et al.
2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Duncan, W. H. & J. T. Kartesz.
1981. Vascular flora of Georgia: an annotated checklist.
Encke, F. et al.
1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
Erhardt, W. et al.
2002. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 17. Auflage
Fernald, M. L.
1950. Gray's manual of botany, ed. 8.
FNA Editorial Committee.
1993-. Flora of North America.
URL:
http://floranorthamerica.org/
Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist.
1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
Hanelt, P., ed.
2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
URL:
http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
Hoban, S. M. et al.
2009. Geographically extensive hybridization between the forets trees American butternut and Japanese walnut. Biol. Lett. 5:324-327.
Hoban, S. M. et al.
2010. Range-wide distribution of genetic diversity in the North American tree
Juglans cinerea
: a product of range shifts, not ecological marginality or recent population decline. Molec. Ecol. 19:4876-4891.
IPGRI.
New World Fruits Database (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/databases/new_world_fruits_database/search.html
Jones, G. N. & G. D. Fuller.
1955. Vascular plants of Illinois.
Kartesz, J. T.
1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium.
1976. Hortus third.
Little, E. L., Jr.
1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Little, E. L., Jr.
1979. Checklist of United States trees, Agric. Handb. 541
Magness, J. R. et al.
1971. Food and feed crops of the United States. IR Bull. 1
Manning, W. E.
1957. The genus
Juglans
in Mexico and Central America. J. Arnold Arbor. 38:121-150.
Markle, G. M. et al., eds.
1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
McCleary, T. S. et al.
2009. Four cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers for the detection of the
Juglans ailantifolia
chloroplast in putatively native
J. cinerea
populations. Molec. Ecol. Resources 9:525-527.
Note:
Formerly Molecular Ecology Notes
McGranahan, G. & C. Leslie.
2009. Breeding walnuts (
Juglans regia
). Breeding plantation tree crops: temperate species 249-273.
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker.
2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Michler, C. H. et al.
2005. Improving disease resistance of butternut (
Juglans cinerea
), a threatened fine hardwood: a case for a single-tree selection through genetic improvement and deployment. Tree Physiol. 26:121-128.
Mitchell, R. S., ed.
1986. A checklist of New York state plants. New York State Mus. Bull. 458
Ownbey, G. B. & T. Morley.
1991. Vascular plants of Minnesota: a checklist and atlas
Porcher, M. H. et al.
Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
Radford, A. E. et al.
1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
Rehder, A.
1949. Bibliography of cultivated trees and shrubs.
Rehm, S.
1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Rosengarten, F.
1984. The book of edible nuts
Ross-Davis, A. et al.
2008. Morphological and molecular methods to identify butternut (
Juglans cinerea
) and butternut hybrids: relevance to butternut conservation. Tree Physiol. 28:1127-1133.
Smith, E. B.
1978. An atlas and annotated list of the vascular plants of Arkansas
Stanford, A. M. et al.
2000. Phylogeny and biogeography of
Juglans
(Juglandaceae) based on matK and ITS sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 87:872-882.
URL:
http://www.amjbot.org
Steyermark, J. A.
1977. Flora of Missouri.
Voss, E.
1972-. Michigan flora.
Wherry, E. T. et al.
1979. Atlas of the flora of Pennsylvania.
URL:
http://www.upenn.edu/paflora/dbsearch.html
Wofford, B. E.
Database of Tennessee vascular plants (on-line resource).
URL:
https://herbarium.utk.edu/vascular/vascular-database.php?CategoryID=Dicots&FamilyID=Juglandaceae&GenusID=Juglans&SpeciesID=cinerea
Zhao, P. & K. E. Woeste.
2011. DNA markers identify hybrids between butternut (
Juglans cinerea
L.) and Japanese walnut (
Juglans ailantifolia
Carr.). Tree Genet. Genomes 7:511-533.
URL:
http://www.springerlink.com/content/112958/
Common names
English
butternut –
Reference(s)
white walnut –
Reference(s)
French
noyer cendré –
Reference(s)
German
Butternußbaum –
Reference(s)
Spanish
nogal ceniciento –
Reference(s)
Swedish
grå valnöt –
Reference(s)
Distribution
Exportable format
order_code
Status
Continent
Subcontinent
Country
State
Note
1
Native
Northern America
Eastern Canada
Canada
New Brunswick
s.w.
1
Native
Northern America
Eastern Canada
Canada
Ontario
s.
1
Native
Northern America
Eastern Canada
Canada
Québec
s.
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Illinois
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Iowa
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Minnesota
e.
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Missouri
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Wisconsin
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Connecticut
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Indiana
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Maine
s.w.
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Massachusetts
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Michigan
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
New Hampshire
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
New Jersey
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
New York
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Ohio
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Pennsylvania
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Rhode Island
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Vermont
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
West Virginia
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Alabama
n.
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Arkansas
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Delaware
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Georgia
n.
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Kentucky
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Maryland
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Mississippi
n.
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
North Carolina
w.
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
South Carolina
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Tennessee
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Virginia
2
Cultivated
also cult.
Native
Northern America
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada
[Québec (s.), Ontario (s.), New Brunswick (s.w.)]
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States
[Connecticut, Indiana, Maine (s.w.), Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States
[Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota (e.), Missouri, Wisconsin]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States
[Alabama (n.), Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia (n.), Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi (n.), North Carolina (w.), South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia]
Cultivated
(also cult.)
Economic Uses
Usage
Type
Note
Reference
Environmental
shade/shelter
Little, E. L., Jr.
1978. Important forest trees of the United States
Human food
nut
Markle, G. M. et al., eds.
1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
Materials
wood
Michler, C. H. et al.
2005. Improving disease resistance of butternut (
Juglans cinerea
), a threatened fine hardwood: a case for a single-tree selection through genetic improvement and deployment. Tree Physiol. 26:121-128.
Medicines
folklore
Duke, J. A. et al.
2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Medicines
folklore
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker.
2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Name
References