Taxon:
Lobelia cardinalis L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:930. 1753
Verified:
10/06/2011
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Angely, J. A. 1970-. Flora analítica e fitográfica do Estado de São Paulo. Note: mentions
- CONABIO. Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad en Mexico. Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica (SIIT) (on-line resource). URL: http://siit.conabio.gob.mx/
- Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
- Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora.
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
- Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
- Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
- Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2
- Hickman, J. C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: higher plants of California
- Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
- Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
- Lammers, T. G. 1996. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
- Lammers, T. G. 2007. World checklist and bibliography of Campanulaceae. URL: http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do
- Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
- Magee, D. W. & H. E. Ahles. 1999. Flora of the Northeast. A manual of the vascular flora of New England and adjacent New York.
- Martin, W. C. & C. R. Hutchins. 1980. A flora of New Mexico.
- McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1977. Atlas of the Flora of the Great Plains.
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
- Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource). URL: http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
- Ownbey, G. B. & T. Morley. 1991. Vascular plants of Minnesota: a checklist and atlas
- Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
- Rzedowski, J. & G. Rzedowski, eds. 1991-. Flora del Bajio y de regiones adyacentes. URL: http://www.ecologia.edu.mx/publicaciones/FLOBA.htm
- Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
- Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. 1946-1976. Flora of Guatemala.
- Thompson, S. W. & T. G. Lammers. 1997. Phenetic analysis of morphological variation in the Lobelia cardinalis complex (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Syst. Bot. 22:323. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
- Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource). URL: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/campanulaceae/lobelia-cardinalis/fichas/pagina1.htm
- Welsh, S. L. et al. 1993. A Utah flora.
- Wiggins, I. L. 1980. Flora of Baja California.
- Wimmer, F. 1953. Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae II. Das Pflanzenreich. IV. 276b(Heft 107):411-415.
- Woodson, R. E. & R. W. Schery, eds. 1943-1980. Flora of Panama.
- Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida
Common names
English
cardinal-flower – scarlet lobelia – French
lobélie écarlate – German
Kardinals-Lobelie – Swedish
kardinallobelia –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | New Brunswick | s. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Ontario | s.e. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Québec | s. |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Illinois | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Iowa | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Kansas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Minnesota | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Missouri | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Nebraska | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Oklahoma | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Wisconsin | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Connecticut | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Indiana | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maine | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Massachusetts | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Michigan | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Hampshire | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Jersey | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New York | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Ohio | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Pennsylvania | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Rhode Island | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Vermont | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | West Virginia | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Baja California (Norte) | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Chihuahua | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Coahuila de Zaragoza | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Durango | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Nuevo León | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | San Luis Potosí | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Sonora | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Tamaulipas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Colorado | |
1 | Native | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | New Mexico | |
1 | Native | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | Texas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Alabama | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Arkansas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Delaware | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Florida | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Georgia | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Kentucky | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Louisiana | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maryland | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Mississippi | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | North Carolina | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | South Carolina | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Tennessee | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Virginia | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Chiapas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Ciudad de México | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Guanajuato | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Guerrero | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Hidalgo | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Jalisco | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | México | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Michoacán de Ocampo | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Morelos | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Oaxaca | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Puebla | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Querétaro | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Tabasco | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Arizona | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | California | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Nevada | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Utah | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Belize | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Costa Rica | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Guatemala | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Honduras | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Nicaragua | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Panama | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Western South America | Colombia | | n. |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | also cult. |
Native
Northern America
-
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada [Québec (s.), Ontario (s.e.), New Brunswick (s.)]
-
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
-
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Wisconsin]
-
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Colorado]
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [New Mexico, Texas]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah]
-
NORTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Baja California (Norte)]
-
SOUTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Chiapas, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán de Ocampo, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, Tabasco, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, Ciudad de México]
Southern America
-
CENTRAL AMERICA:
Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama
-
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Colombia (n.)
Cultivated
(also cult.)
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Environmental | ornamental | | Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage |
Environmental | ornamental | | Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening |
Medicines | folklore | fide T. G. Lammers, pers. comm 1996; Syst Bot 22:327. 1997; Herbs Commerce ed2 | McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland. |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous |