Taxon:
Momordica balsamina L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:1009. 1753
Verified:
05/28/2009
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Adams, C. 1972. Flowering plants of Jamaica
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Boudet, G. et al. 1986. Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali
- Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
- Burkill, H. M. 1985-2004. The useful plants of west tropical Africa.
- Chakravarty, H. L. 1982. Cucurbitaceae. Fascicles of flora of India. 11:88-89.
- Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
- De Wilde, W. J. J. O. & B. E. E. Duyfjes. 2002. Synopsis of Momordica (Cucurbitaceae) in SE Asia and Malesia. Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 87(3):134.
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
- Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
- Everest, S. L. 1981. Poisonous plants of Australia. Note: poisonous
- Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca. URL: http://www.kew.org/efloras/namesearch.do
- George, A. S., ed. 1980-. Flora of Australia.
- Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14
- Hamid, S. et al. 1995. Medicinal plants of family Cucurbitaceae of Pakistan (part II). Hamdard 38:91.
- Hara, H. et al. 1978-1982. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal.
- Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. 1989-. Flora of Ethiopia Note: Eritrea added in 2000
- Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
- Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
- Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
- Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
- León (J. S. Sauget) & Alain (E. E. Liogier). 1946-1969. Flora de Cuba
- Liogier, H. A. 1981-. Flora of Hispaniola: Part 1; La Flora de la Española. Part II-.
- Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
- McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana. Note: mentions
- Miller, A. G. & M. Morris. 2004. Ethnoflora of the Soqotra Archipelago.
- Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
- Pammel, L. H. 1911. Manual of poisonous plants. Note: poisonous
- Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
- Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
- Thulin, M., ed. 1993-. Flora of Somalia.
- Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
- Wood, J. R. I. 1997. A handbook of the Yemen flora.
- Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida
- PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.prota4u.info/
Common names
English
balsam-apple – French
pomme de merveille – German
Balsamapfel – Portuguese
balsâmina-de-purga – Spanish
balsamina – Swedish
balsamgurka – Urdu (Pakistan)
jangli karela –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Tanzania | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Yemen | Socotra | extirpated |
1 | Native | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Angola | | |
1 | Native | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Mozambique | | |
1 | Native | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Zambia | | |
1 | Native | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Zimbabwe | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Southern Africa | Botswana | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Southern Africa | Eswatini | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Southern Africa | Namibia | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | Cape Province | |
1 | Native | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | Free State | |
1 | Native | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | KwaZulu-Natal | |
1 | Native | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | Transvaal | |
1 | Native | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Mali | | |
1 | Native | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Nigeria | | |
1 | Native | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Senegal | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Arabian Peninsula | Yemen | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | India | Maharashtra | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | India | Punjab | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | India | Rajasthan | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | India | Uttar Pradesh | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Nepal | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Pakistan | | |
1 | Native | Australasia | Australia | Australia | New South Wales | |
1 | Native | Australasia | Australia | Australia | Northern Territory | |
1 | Native | Australasia | Australia | Australia | Queensland | |
1 | Native | Australasia | Australia | Australia | South Australia | |
1 | Native | Australasia | Australia | Australia | Western Australia | |
2 | Cultivated | Southern America | Caribbean | Guadeloupe | | |
2 | Cultivated | Southern America | Caribbean | Martinique | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | Texas | e. & s. |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Florida | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Louisiana | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Cuba | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Dominican Republic | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Haiti | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Jamaica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Peru | | |
Native
Africa
-
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Yemen [Socotra (extirpated)]
-
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Tanzania
-
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Mali, Nigeria, Senegal
-
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA:
Angola, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
Botswana, Namibia, Eswatini, South Africa [Cape Province, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Transvaal]
Asia-Temperate
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
India [Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh], Nepal, Pakistan
Australasia
-
AUSTRALIA:
Australia [New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, Northern Territory]
Cultivated
Southern America
-
CARIBBEAN:
Guadeloupe, Martinique
Naturalized
Northern America
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Florida, Louisiana]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Texas (e. & s.)]
Southern America
-
CARIBBEAN:
Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica
-
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Peru
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Environmental | ornamental | | Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage |
Medicines | folklore | for wounds | Hamid, S. et al. 1995. Medicinal plants of family Cucurbitaceae of Pakistan (part II). Hamdard 38:91. |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Pammel, L. H. 1911. Manual of poisonous plants. Note: poisonous |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Everest, S. L. 1981. Poisonous plants of Australia. Note: poisonous |