Amaranthus hybridus L. GRIN-Global

Taxon: Amaranthus hybridus L.

Summary

Genus:

Amaranthus

Subgenus:

Amaranthus

Family:

Amaranthaceae

Nomen number:

2795

Place of publication:

Sp. pl. 2:990. 1753

Comment:

Amaranthus hybridus auct., in part = A. hypochondriacus

Typification:

View in Linnean Typification Project

Verified:

02/04/2003 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

12 (12 active, 2 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Autonym(s)

Amaranthus hybridus L. subsp. hybridus
Amaranthus hybridus L. var. hybridus

Heterotypic Synonym(s)

Amaranthus incurvatus Timeroy ex Gren. & Godr.
Amaranthus patulus Bertol.
Invalid Designation(s)
Amaranthus chlorostachys auct.

No images

Reference(s)

Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
Bayón, N. D. 2015. Revisión taxonómica de las especies monoicas de Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae): Amaranthus subg. Amaranthus y Amaranthus subg. Albersia. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 101:261-383. URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/702#/summary
Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45 Note: = Amaranthus hybridus var. hybridus
Chun, K. F. & M. Sun. 1997. Genetic diversity and relationships detected by isozyme and RAPD analysis of crop and wild species of Amaranthus. Theor. Appl. Genet. 95:865-873. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables
Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas
Costea, M. et al. 2004. The biology of Canadian weeds. 130. Amaranthus retroflexus L., A. powellii S. Watson and A. hybridus L. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 84:631-668.
Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 89.
Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon.
El-Hadidi, M. N. & M. S. Abdallah. 1980-. Flora of Egypt.
Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America. URL: http://floranorthamerica.org/
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Amaranthus+hybridus&quantity=1
Görts-van Rijn, A. R. A., ed. 1986-. Flora of the Guianas.
Greizerstein, E. J. & L. Poggio. 1992. Estudios citogenéticos de seis híbridos interespecíficos de Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae). Darwiniana 31:159-165.
Greizerstein, E. J. et al. 1997. Karyological studies in five wild species of amaranths. Cytologia 62:115-120. Note: it confirmed the polyploid character of all 2n=32 species as Amaranthus hybridus; its karyotype was described as 5m + 2sm + 1st + 8t
Hara, H. et al. 1978-1982. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal.
Harling, G. & B. Sparre, eds. 1973-. Flora of Ecuador.
Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds
Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource). URL: http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
Kietlinski, K. D. et al. 2014. Relationships between the weedy Amaranthus hybridus (Amaranthaceae) and the grain amaranths. Crop Sci. (Madison) 54:220-228.
Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
Mansfeld, R. 1959. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2.
Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource). URL: http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
Reitz, R., ed. 1965-. Flora ilustrada catarinense.
Sauer, J. D. 1967. The grain amaranths and their relatives: a revised taxonomic and geographic survey. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 54:107-109. URL: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/702#/summary
Stetter, M. C. & K. J. Schmid. 2017. Analysis of phylogenetic relationships and genome size evolution of the Amaranthus genus using GBS indicates the ancestors of an ancient crop. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 109:80-92. URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10557903
Terrell, E. E. et al. 1986. Agricultural Handbook no. 505
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource). URL: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/amaranthaceae/amaranthus-hybridus/fichas/pagina1.htm
Villaseñor, J. L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Rev. Mex. Biodivers. 87:559-902.
Walters, S. M. et al., eds. 1986-2000. European garden flora.
Wofford, B. E. Database of Tennessee vascular plants (on-line resource). URL: https://herbarium.utk.edu/vascular/vascular-database.php?CategoryID=Dicots&FamilyID=Amaranthaceae&GenusID=Amaranthus&SpeciesID=hybridus
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
Xu, F. & M. Sun. 2001. Comparative analysis of phylogenetic relationships of grain amaranths and their wild relatives (Amaranthus; Amaranthaceae) using Internal Transcribed Spacer, Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism, and Double-Primer Fluorescent Intersimple Sequence Repeat Markers. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 21:372-387. URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10557903

Common names

English
green amaranth –
green pigweed –
hybrid amaranth –
slim amaranth –
smooth amaranth –
smooth pigweed –
spleen amaranth –
wild cabbage –
Chinese
lü sui xian (绿穗苋) –
tai wan xian (台湾苋) –
English (Canada)
smooth pigweed –
French (Canada)
amarante hybride –
German
ausgebreiteter Fuchsschwanz –
Japanese Rōmaji
hoso-ao-geitō –
Swedish
nålamarant –
Transcribed Chinese
lü sui xian –
tai wan xian –

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Nova Scotia
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Ontario	s.e.
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Québec
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Illinois
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Iowa
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Kansas
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Minnesota
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Missouri
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Nebraska
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	North Dakota
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Oklahoma
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	South Dakota
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Wisconsin
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Connecticut
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Indiana
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maine
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Massachusetts
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Michigan
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Hampshire
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Jersey
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New York
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Ohio
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Pennsylvania
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Rhode Island
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Vermont
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	West Virginia
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Baja California (Norte)
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Baja California Sur
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Chihuahua
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Coahuila de Zaragoza
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Durango
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Nuevo León
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	San Luis Potosí
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Sinaloa
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Sonora
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Tamaulipas
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Zacatecas
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Colorado
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Idaho
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Montana
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Washington
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	New Mexico
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Alabama
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Arkansas
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Delaware
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	District of Columbia
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Florida	http://www.plantatlas.usf.edu/main.asp?plantID=1720
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Georgia
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Kentucky
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Louisiana
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maryland
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Mississippi
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	North Carolina
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	South Carolina
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Tennessee
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Virginia
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Aguascalientes
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Campeche
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Chiapas
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Ciudad de México
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Colima
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Guanajuato
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Guerrero
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Hidalgo
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Jalisco
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	México
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Michoacán de Ocampo
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Morelos
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Nayarit
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Oaxaca
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Puebla
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Querétaro
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Quintana Roo
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Tabasco
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Tlaxcala
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Yucatán
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Arizona
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	California
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Nevada
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	British Columbia
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Manitoba
1	Native	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Bahamas
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Bermuda
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Cuba
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Costa Rica
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Guatemala
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Nicaragua
1	Native	Southern America	Central America	Panama
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	French Guiana
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Suriname
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Bolivia
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Colombia
2	Cultivated					cult. in tropical, subtropical, & warm-temperate regions
4	Naturalized					natzd. elsewhere in tropic, subtropic, & warm-temperate regions
6	Other					exact native range obscure

Native
Northern America

EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Nova Scotia, Ontario (s.e.), Québec]
WESTERN CANADA: Canada [British Columbia, Manitoba]
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Washington]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida (http://www.plantatlas.usf.edu/main.asp?plantID=1720), Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [New Mexico, Texas]
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Arizona, California, Nevada]
NORTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Baja California (Norte), Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas]
SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Aguascalientes, Campeche, Chiapas, Ciudad de México, Colima, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán de Ocampo, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Tlaxcala, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, Yucatán]

Southern America

CARIBBEAN: Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba
CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: French Guiana, Suriname
BRAZIL: Brazil
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Colombia

Cultivated (cult. in tropical, subtropical, & warm-temperate regions)
Naturalized (natzd. elsewhere in tropic, subtropic, & warm-temperate regions)
Other (exact native range obscure)

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Medicines	folklore		McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Weed	potential seed contaminant		CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables