Environmental | agroforestry | | Burns, R. M. & B. H. Honkala, eds. 1990. Silvics of North America: 1. Conifers; 2. Hardwoods. Agriculture Handbook 654. Note: - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC.
- http://www.na.fs.fed.us/pubs/silvics_manual/table_of_contents.shtm
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Environmental | ornamental | | Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States |
Materials | fiber | for pulpwood | Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States |
Materials | gum/resin | | Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols. |
Materials | gum/resin | | Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States |
Materials | wood | | Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols. |
Materials | wood | | Little, E. L., Jr. 1978. Important forest trees of the United States |
Medicines | folklore | | Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs |
Medicines | folklore | | McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland. |
Social | religious/secular | used as a Christmas tree fide http://hort.ufl.edu/trees/pinstra.pdf, | Gilman, E. F. & D. G. Watson. 1994. Pinus strobus : eastern white pine. Note: re. Christmas tree use |