International Livestock Research Institute

Welcome!


Taxon:  Trifolium nigrescens Viv.



Summary
Genus:
Trifolium
Subgenus:
Trifolium
Section:
Trifoliastrum
Family:
Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)
Subfamily:
Faboideae
Tribe:
Trifolieae
Nomen number:
310557
Place of publication:
Fl. ital. fragm. 12. 1808
Verified:
03/26/2007 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
1 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Trifolium nigrescens Viv. subsp. meneghinianum (Clementi) Zohary (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium nigrescens Viv. subsp. nigrescens (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium nigrescens Viv. subsp. petrisavii (Clementi) Holmboe (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. 1976-. Flora of Libya.
  2. Cheng, C.-C. & P. B. Gibson. 1970. Meiosis in two species of Tri[olium and their hybrids. Crop Sci. (Madison) 10:188-189.
  3. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  4. Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
  5. Ellison, N. W. et al. 2006. Molecular phylogenetics of the clover genus (Trifolium - Leguminosae). Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 39:688-705. URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10557903
  6. Englert, J. M. et al. 1999-. USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators
  7. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Trifolium+nigrescens&quantity=1
  8. Gillett, J. M. & N. L. Taylor (M. Collins ed.). 2001. The world of clovers 258.
  9. Jahandiez, E. & R. Maire. 1931-1941. Catalogue des plantes du Maroc.
  10. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
  11. Meikle, R. D. 1977-1985. Flora of Cyprus.
  12. Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
  13. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  14. Pottier-Alapetite, G. 1979-1981. Flore de la Tunisie: Angiospermes-Dicotyledones.
  15. Quézel, P. & S. Santa. 1962-1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
  16. Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
  17. Smythies, B. E. 1984-1986. Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands: checklist of vascular plants. Englera 3:1-882.
  18. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq.
  19. Watson, L. E. et al. 2000. Molecular phylogeny of Old World Trifolium (Fabaceae), based on plastid and nuclear markers. Pl. Syst. Evol. 224:153-171. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/606
  20. Williams, W. M. et al. 2001. Evidence of three subspecies in Trifolium nigrescens Viv. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 87:683-691. URL: http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/by/year
  21. Williams, W. M. et al. 2013. Widening the adaptation of white clover by incorporation of valuable new traits from wild clover species. Proceedings of the 22nd International Grassland Congress. New Zealand 287-289.
  22. Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria nigrescens (Viv.) Fourr.
  23. Zohary, M. & D. Heller. 1984. The genus Trifolium 155.
  24. Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. 1966-. Flora palaestina.
Common names
English
ball clover –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya possibly introd.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgiaAjaria 
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaCyprus  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIsrael  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeFormer Yugoslavia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece incl. Crete
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia, Sicily
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance incl. Corsica
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. Baleares
2Cultivated    also cult.
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya (possibly introd.), Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
  • CAUCASUS: Georgia [Ajaria]
Europe
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Former Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily)
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated (also cult.)
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Animal foodfodder Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
Animal foodforage Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
Bee plantshoney production Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
Environmentalerosion control Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
Environmentalsoil improver Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance


ILRI Germplasm Policy (excerpts)

The International Livestock research Institute (ILRI) maintains a collection of forage germplasm as a global public good. The material was acquired prior to the entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity; or if it was acquired after the entering into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it was obtained with the understanding that it was held in trust and could be made available for any agricultural research, breeding and training purposes under the terms and conditions set out in the agreement between the ILRI and FAO dated 26 October 1994. On 16 October 2006, ILRI signed an agreement with the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) placing these in trust collections of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) within the purview of the Treaty.

In accordance with this Agreement, all shipments of PGRFA of crops listed in Annex 1 to the Treaty (shipments of PGRFA under the Multilateral System) will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA). In the event that the SMTA (attached) is used for the transfer of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture other than those listed in Annex 1 of the Treaty: i) The references in the SMTA to the "Multilateral System" shall not be interpreted as limiting the application of the SMTA to Annex 1 Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and in the case of Article 6.2 of the SMTA shall mean "under this Agreement". ii) The reference in Article 6.11 and Annex 3 of the SMTA to "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop, as set out in Annex 1 to the Treaty" shall be taken to mean "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop".

The material is held in trust and the recipient has no rights to obtain Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on the material or related information. The recipient may utilize and conserve the material for research, breeding and training and may distribute it to other parties provided such parties accept the terms and conditions of the SMTA .

ILRI will provide forage seeds in small experimental quantities of between 1 and 20 grams without charge from the germplasm collection under the SMTA as appropriate for the crop as part of its policy of maximizing the utilization of material for research, breeding and training. Larger quantities sufficient to sow up to one quarter of a hectare of a limited number of promising accessions will require that requesters cover the costs of production and shipping.

ILRI makes no warranties as to the safety or title of the material, nor as to the accuracy or correctness of any passport or other data provided with the material. Neither does it make any warranties as to the quality, viability, or purity (genetic or mechanical) of the material being furnished. The phytosanitary condition of the material is warranted only as described in the attached phytosanitary certificate. The recipient assumes full responsibility for complying with the recipient nation’s quarantine and biosafety regulations and rules as to import or release of genetic material.