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ILRI Forage Genebank
Version: 2.1.0.0
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Taxon:
Sambucus nigra
L.
Nomenclature
Common Names
Distribution
Economic Uses
Summary
Genus:
Sambucus
Family:
Viburnaceae
Nomen number:
32994
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:269. 1753
Typification:
View in Linnean Typification Project
Verified:
12/09/1996
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0
(
0
active,
0
available)
in National Plant Germplasm System.
Other conspecific taxa
Sambucus nigra
L. subsp.
nigra
(0 active accession[s])
Sambucus nigra
L. subsp.
palmensis
(Link) Bolli
(0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Autonym(s)
Sambucus nigra
L. f.
nigra
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Sambucus nigra
L. f.
alba
(Weston) Rehder
Sambucus nigra
L. f.
aurea
(Sweet) Schwer.
Sambucus nigra
L. f.
laciniata
(L.) Zabel
Sambucus nigra
L. f.
pendula
Dippel
No images
Reference(s)
Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds.
Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/related/Sambucus_nigra/
Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson.
2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
www.skud.info
Allan, H. H. B. et al.
1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
URL:
http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/index.aspx
Black, J. M.
1943-1957. Flora of Southern Australia, ed. 2.
Bolli, R.
1994. Revision of the genus
Sambucus
. Diss. Bot. 223:161.
Burbidge, N. T. & M. Gray.
1970. Flora of the Australian Capital Territory.
Chowdhery, H. J. & B. M. Wadhwa.
1984. Flora of Himachal Pradesh.
Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson.
1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning
Davis, P. H., ed.
1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
Duke, J. A. et al.
2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Encke, F. et al.
1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
Eriksson, O. et al.
1979. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 2.
Eriksson, T. &. M. J. Donoghue.
1997. Phylogenetic relationships of
Sambucus
and
Adoxa
(Adoxoideae, Adoxaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences and preliminary morphological data. Syst. Bot. 22:555-573.
www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
URL:
http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Sambucus+nigra&quantity=1
Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist.
1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS).
Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
Komarov, V. L. et al., eds.
1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster.
1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium.
1976. Hortus third.
Markle, G. M. et al., eds.
1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker.
2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Munro, D. B.
Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
URL:
http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
Personal Care Products Council.
INCI
URL:
http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
Press, J. R. & M. J. Short, eds.
1994. Flora of Madeira.
Quézel, P. & S. Santa.
1962-1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
Rehder, A.
1949. Bibliography of cultivated trees and shrubs.
Rehm, S.
1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Silva, L. et al.
2005. Listagem da fauna e flora terrestres dos Açores. Lista des plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta).
URL:
http://www.azores.gov.pt/NR/rdonlyres/3E255F0D-6AFD-4EF8-974D-CF920B5F933E/126780/42_Pteridophyta_Spermatophyta1.pdf
Steward, A. N.
1958. Manual of vascular plants of the lower Yangtze valley.
Stewart, R.
1972. An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of West Pakistan and Kashmir
Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest.
1966-. Flora of Iraq.
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds.
1964-1980. Flora europaea.
Valdés, B. et al., eds.
2002. Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du nord du Maroc, incluant des clés d'identification
Weber, E.
2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Welsh, S. L. & G. Moore.
1973. Utah plants
Willis, J. H.
1970-1972. A handbook to plants in Victoria.
2018. Oklahoma vascular plant database
URL:
http://www.oklahomaplantdatabase.org/
Common names
English
elder –
Reference(s)
Distribution
Exportable format
order_code
Status
Continent
Subcontinent
Country
State
Note
1
Native
Africa
Macaronesia
Spain
Canary Islands
La Gomera, Gran Canaria, La Palma, Tenerife
1
Native
Africa
Northern Africa
Tunisia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Armenia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Azerbaijan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Georgia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Russian Federation
Dagestan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia
Ciscaucasia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Iran
w.
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Iraq
n.
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Turkey
1
Native
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
India
Himachal Pradesh
1
Native
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
India
Jammu and Kashmir
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Moldova
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Russian Federation-European part
European part
s.
1
Native
Europe
Eastern Europe
Ukraine
incl. Krym
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Austria
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Belgium
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Czechoslovakia
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Germany
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Hungary
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Netherlands
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Poland
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Switzerland
1
Native
Europe
Northern Europe
Denmark
1
Native
Europe
Northern Europe
Finland
1
Native
Europe
Northern Europe
Ireland
1
Native
Europe
Northern Europe
Norway
1
Native
Europe
Northern Europe
Sweden
1
Native
Europe
Northern Europe
United Kingdom
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Albania
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Bulgaria
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Former Yugoslavia
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Greece
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Italy
incl. Sicily
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Romania
1
Native
Europe
Southwestern Europe
France
incl. Corsica
1
Native
Europe
Southwestern Europe
Portugal
1
Native
Europe
Southwestern Europe
Spain
1
Native
Northern America
Eastern Canada
Canada
New Brunswick
1
Native
Northern America
Eastern Canada
Canada
Nova Scotia
1
Native
Northern America
Eastern Canada
Canada
Ontario
s.
1
Native
Northern America
Eastern Canada
Canada
Prince Edward Island
1
Native
Northern America
Eastern Canada
Canada
Québec
s.
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Illinois
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Iowa
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Kansas
e.
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Minnesota
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Missouri
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Nebraska
e.
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
North Dakota
e.
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Oklahoma
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
South Dakota
e.
1
Native
Northern America
North-Central U.S.A.
United States
Wisconsin
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Connecticut
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Indiana
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Maine
e.
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Massachusetts
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Michigan
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
New Hampshire
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
New Jersey
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
New York
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Ohio
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Rhode Island
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
Vermont
1
Native
Northern America
Northeastern U.S.A.
United States
West Virginia
1
Native
Northern America
Northern Mexico
Mexico
Baja California (Norte)
1
Native
Northern America
Northern Mexico
Mexico
Baja California Sur
1
Native
Northern America
Northern Mexico
Mexico
Chihuahua
1
Native
Northern America
Northern Mexico
Mexico
Durango
1
Native
Northern America
Northern Mexico
Mexico
Nuevo León
1
Native
Northern America
Northern Mexico
Mexico
Sinaloa
1
Native
Northern America
Northern Mexico
Mexico
Sonora
1
Native
Northern America
Northwestern U.S.A.
United States
Colorado
1
Native
Northern America
Northwestern U.S.A.
United States
Idaho
1
Native
Northern America
Northwestern U.S.A.
United States
Montana
w.
1
Native
Northern America
Northwestern U.S.A.
United States
Oregon
1
Native
Northern America
Northwestern U.S.A.
United States
Washington
1
Native
Northern America
Northwestern U.S.A.
United States
Wyoming
1
Native
Northern America
South-Central U.S.A.
United States
New Mexico
1
Native
Northern America
South-Central U.S.A.
United States
Texas
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Alabama
s.
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Arkansas
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Delaware
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Florida
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Georgia
s.
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Kentucky
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Louisiana
s.
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Maryland
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Mississippi
s.
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
North Carolina
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
South Carolina
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Tennessee
1
Native
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Virginia
1
Native
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Hidalgo
1
Native
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Oaxaca
1
Native
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Puebla
1
Native
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave
1
Native
Northern America
Southwestern U.S.A.
United States
Arizona
1
Native
Northern America
Southwestern U.S.A.
United States
California
1
Native
Northern America
Southwestern U.S.A.
United States
Utah
1
Native
Northern America
Western Canada
Canada
Alberta
s.
1
Native
Northern America
Western Canada
Canada
British Columbia
s.
1
Native
Northern America
Western Canada
Canada
Manitoba
s.e.
1
Native
Southern America
Central America
Belize
1
Native
Southern America
Central America
Costa Rica
1
Native
Southern America
Central America
El Salvador
1
Native
Southern America
Central America
Guatemala
1
Native
Southern America
Central America
Honduras
1
Native
Southern America
Central America
Nicaragua
1
Native
Southern America
Central America
Panama
1
Native
Southern America
Southern South America
Argentina
n.w.
1
Native
Southern America
Western South America
Bolivia
1
Native
Southern America
Western South America
Colombia
1
Native
Southern America
Western South America
Ecuador
1
Native
Southern America
Western South America
Peru
2
Cultivated
also cult.
4
Naturalized
natzd. elsewhere
4
Naturalized
Africa
Macaronesia
Portugal
Azores
4
Naturalized
Africa
Macaronesia
Portugal
Madeira Islands
4
Naturalized
Africa
Northern Africa
Algeria
4
Naturalized
Africa
Northern Africa
Morocco
4
Naturalized
Australasia
New Zealand
New Zealand
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Caribbean
West Indies
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Central America
Central America
Native
Africa
MACARONESIA:
Spain
[Canary Islands (La Gomera, Gran Canaria, La Palma, Tenerife)]
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
WESTERN ASIA:
Iran
(w.),
Iraq
(n.),
Turkey
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia
[Ciscaucasia],
Armenia
,
Azerbaijan
,
Georgia
,
Russian Federation
[Dagestan]
Asia-Tropical
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
India
[Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir]
Europe
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark
,
Finland
,
United Kingdom
,
Ireland
,
Norway
,
Sweden
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Czechoslovakia
,
Austria
,
Belgium
,
Switzerland
,
Germany
,
Hungary
,
Netherlands
,
Poland
EASTERN EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part
[European part (s.)],
Belarus
,
Moldova
,
Ukraine
(incl. Krym)
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Former Yugoslavia
,
Albania
,
Bulgaria
,
Greece
,
Italy
(incl. Sicily),
Romania
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain
,
France
(incl. Corsica),
Portugal
Northern America
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada
[Québec (s.), Nova Scotia, Ontario (s.), Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick]
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada
[Alberta (s.), Manitoba (s.e.), British Columbia (s.)]
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States
[Connecticut, Indiana, Maine (e.), Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States
[Illinois, Iowa, Kansas (e.), Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska (e.), North Dakota (e.), Oklahoma, South Dakota (e.), Wisconsin]
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States
[Colorado, Idaho, Montana (w.), Oregon, Washington, Wyoming]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States
[Alabama (s.), Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia (s.), Kentucky, Louisiana (s.), Maryland, Mississippi (s.), North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States
[New Mexico, Texas]
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States
[Arizona, California, Utah]
NORTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico
[Chihuahua, Durango, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora, Baja California (Norte), Baja California Sur]
SOUTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico
[Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave]
Southern America
CENTRAL AMERICA:
Belize
,
Costa Rica
,
Guatemala
,
Honduras
,
Nicaragua
,
Panama
,
El Salvador
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Bolivia
,
Colombia
,
Ecuador
,
Peru
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina
(n.w.)
Cultivated
(also cult.)
Naturalized
REGION:
Africa
MACARONESIA:
Portugal
[Azores, Madeira Islands]
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria
,
Morocco
Australasia
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Southern America
CARIBBEAN:
West Indies
CENTRAL AMERICA:
Central America
Name
References