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Taxon:  Ocimum americanum L.



Summary
Genus:
Ocimum
Family:
Lamiaceae (alt. Labiatae)
Subfamily:
Nepetoideae
Tribe:
Ocimeae
Subtribe:
Ociminae
Nomen number:
402305
Place of publication:
Cent. pl. I:15. 1755 (Amoen. acad. 4:276. 1759)
Verified:
06/12/1995 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
2 (2  active, 1  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Autonym(s)
Ocimum americanum L. var. americanum

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Ocimum canum Sims
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
  2. Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
  3. Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon. Note: = Ocimum americanum auct., citing O. canum
  4. Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
  5. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Ocimum+americanum&quantity=1
  6. Forzza, R. C. et al., coord. Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil (on-line resource). URL: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/
  7. Funk, V. et al. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584.
  8. Hara, H. et al. 1978-1982. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal.
  9. Hokche, O. et al. 2008. Nuevo catálogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela.
  10. Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
  11. Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2. Note: = Ocimum americanum auct., citing O. canum
  12. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
  13. Paton, A. & E. Putievsky. 1996. Taxonomic problems and cytotaxonomic relationships between and within varieties of Ocimum basilicum and related species (Labiatae). Kew Bull. 51:513.
  14. Paton, A. 1992. A synopsis of Ocimum L. (Labiatae) in Africa. Kew Bull. 47:424.
  15. Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
  16. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  17. Ryding, O. 1994. Notes on the sweet basil and its wild relatives (Lamiaceae). Econ. Bot. 48:65. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/12231
  18. Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:218-220. URL: http://proseanet.org
  19. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
Common names
English
American basil –
hoary basil –
German
Zitronen-Basilikum –
Swedish
kamferbasilika –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEthiopia  
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaAngola  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaNamibia  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaCôte D'Ivoire  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaGhana  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaLiberia  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaNigeria  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaSierra Leone  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaTogo  
1NativeAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaCameroon  
1NativeAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaRwanda  
1NativeAfricaWestern Indian OceanMadagascar  
1NativeAfricaWestern Indian OceanMauritius  
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaYunnan Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentNepal  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentSri Lanka  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaIndochina  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaMyanmar  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaMalaysia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaPhilippines  
2Cultivated    also cult.
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazil  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaNorthern South AmericaGuyana  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaNorthern South AmericaSuriname  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaNorthern South AmericaVenezuela  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaPeru  
Native
Africa
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia, Sudan
  • WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Cameroon, Rwanda
  • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Côte D'Ivoire, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togo
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: Namibia, South Africa
  • WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Madagascar, Mauritius
Asia-Temperate
  • CHINA: China [Yunnan Sheng]
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan
  • INDO-CHINA: Indochina, Myanmar
  • MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
Southern America
  • NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela
  • BRAZIL: Brazil
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Peru
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Environmentalornamental Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
Environmentalornamentalfide Zander ed13Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
Food additivespotential as flavoring Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:218-220. URL: http://proseanet.org
Human foodpotential as vegetable Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:218-220. URL: http://proseanet.org
Medicinesfolklore McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.


ILRI Germplasm Policy (excerpts)

The International Livestock research Institute (ILRI) maintains a collection of forage germplasm as a global public good. The material was acquired prior to the entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity; or if it was acquired after the entering into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it was obtained with the understanding that it was held in trust and could be made available for any agricultural research, breeding and training purposes under the terms and conditions set out in the agreement between the ILRI and FAO dated 26 October 1994. On 16 October 2006, ILRI signed an agreement with the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) placing these in trust collections of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) within the purview of the Treaty.

In accordance with this Agreement, all shipments of PGRFA of crops listed in Annex 1 to the Treaty (shipments of PGRFA under the Multilateral System) will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA). In the event that the SMTA (attached) is used for the transfer of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture other than those listed in Annex 1 of the Treaty: i) The references in the SMTA to the "Multilateral System" shall not be interpreted as limiting the application of the SMTA to Annex 1 Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and in the case of Article 6.2 of the SMTA shall mean "under this Agreement". ii) The reference in Article 6.11 and Annex 3 of the SMTA to "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop, as set out in Annex 1 to the Treaty" shall be taken to mean "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop".

The material is held in trust and the recipient has no rights to obtain Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on the material or related information. The recipient may utilize and conserve the material for research, breeding and training and may distribute it to other parties provided such parties accept the terms and conditions of the SMTA .

ILRI will provide forage seeds in small experimental quantities of between 1 and 20 grams without charge from the germplasm collection under the SMTA as appropriate for the crop as part of its policy of maximizing the utilization of material for research, breeding and training. Larger quantities sufficient to sow up to one quarter of a hectare of a limited number of promising accessions will require that requesters cover the costs of production and shipping.

ILRI makes no warranties as to the safety or title of the material, nor as to the accuracy or correctness of any passport or other data provided with the material. Neither does it make any warranties as to the quality, viability, or purity (genetic or mechanical) of the material being furnished. The phytosanitary condition of the material is warranted only as described in the attached phytosanitary certificate. The recipient assumes full responsibility for complying with the recipient nation’s quarantine and biosafety regulations and rules as to import or release of genetic material.