Taxon:
Vaccinium myrtillus L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:349. 1753
Verified:
01/14/2010
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- (on-line resource). URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinium_myrtillus
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Bassil, N. V. et al. 2010. Microsatellite markers distinguish Hawaiian ohelo from other Vaccinium L. section Myrtillus species. Acta Hort. 859:81-88.
- Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
- Dorn, R. D. 1977. Manual of the vascular plants of Wyoming
- Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
- Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
- Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). URL: http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
- Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications.
- Feuillet, C. 1998. pers. comm. Note: re. French common names
- FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America. URL: http://floranorthamerica.org/
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Vaccinium+myrtillus&quantity=1
- Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
- Hancock, J. F. et al. 2008. Blueberries and cranberries. Temperate fruit crop breeding: germplasm to genomics 4:115-149.
- Hitchcock, C. L. et al. 1955-1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest.
- Hokkanen, J. et al. 2009. Identification of phenolic compunds from lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), bilberry (Vaccnium myrtillus L.) and hybrid bilberry (Vaccinium × intermedium Ruthe L.) leaves. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57:9437-9447.
- Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
- Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan. Note: = Vaccinium yatabei Makino
- Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
- Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. 2000-. Flora of Siberia (English translation)
- Krüssmann, G. 1984. Manual of cultivated broad-leaved trees and shrubs (English translation of Handbuch der Laubgehölze. 1976)
- Kunkel, G. 1984. Plants for human consumption
- Laasimer, L. et al., eds. 1993-. Flora of the Baltic countries; compendium of vascular plants.
- Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2
- Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
- Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
- Morazzoni, P. & E. Bombardelli. 1996. Fitoterapia. 66:3-29.
- Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
- Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
- Powell, E. A. & K. A. Kron. 2002. Hawaiian blueberries and their relatives - A phylogenetic analysis of Vaccinium sections Macropelma, Myrtillus, and Hemimyrtillus (Ericaceae). Syst. Bot. 27:768-779. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
- Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
- Shibli, R. A. & M. A. L. Smith. 1996. Direct shoot regeneration from Vaccinium pahalae (Ohelo) and V. myrtillus (bilberry) leaf explants. HortScience 31:1225-1228.
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
- Vander Kloet, S. P. & T. A. Dickinson. 1999. The taxonomy of Vaccinium section Myrtillus. Brittonia 51:246-247.
- Vander Kloet, S. P. 1988. The genus Vaccinium in North America
- Welsh, S. L. et al. 1987. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Mem. 9.
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
Common names
English
bilberry – blaeberry – dwarf bilberry – European blueberry – whinberry – whortleberry – French
myrtille – German
Heidelbeere – Japanese Rōmaji
aojiku-sunoki – hime-usunoki – Portuguese (Brazil)
mirtilo – uva-do-monte – Swedish
blåbär –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Armenia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Georgia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation | Dagestan | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia | Ciscaucasia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Japan | Honshu | n. & c. |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Mongolia | Mongolia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia | Eastern Siberia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation-Western Siberia | Western Siberia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Turkey | | n. |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Belarus | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Estonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Latvia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Lithuania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Moldova | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Russian Federation-European part | European part | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Ukraine | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Austria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Czech Republic | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Germany | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Hungary | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Netherlands | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Poland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Slovakia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Denmark | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Finland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Iceland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Ireland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Norway | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Sweden | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Croatia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | North Macedonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Romania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Serbia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Slovenia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Portugal | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Colorado | w. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Idaho | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Montana | w. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Oregon | n. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Washington | e. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Wyoming | w. |
1 | Native | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | New Mexico | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Arizona | n. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Nevada | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Utah | e. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Subarctic America | Greenland | | s.w. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Alberta | s.w. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | British Columbia | s.e. |
Native
Asia-Temperate
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Turkey (n.)
-
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
-
SIBERIA:
Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
-
MONGOLIA:
Mongolia
-
EASTERN ASIA:
Japan [Honshu (n. & c.)]
Europe
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
-
EASTERN EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Italy, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain, France, Portugal
Northern America
-
SUBARCTIC AMERICA:
Greenland (s.w.)
-
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada [Alberta (s.w.), British Columbia (s.e.)]
-
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Colorado (w.), Idaho, Montana (w.), Oregon (n.), Washington (e.), Wyoming (w.)]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [New Mexico]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Arizona (n.), Nevada, Utah (e.)]
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Animal food | forage | for wildlife | Shibli, R. A. & M. A. L. Smith. 1996. Direct shoot regeneration from Vaccinium pahalae (Ohelo) and V. myrtillus (bilberry) leaf explants. HortScience 31:1225-1228. |
Bee plants | honey production | | Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR. |
Food additives | coloring | for wine | Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR. |
Human food | beverage base | | Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2 |
Human food | fruit | | Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2 |
Materials | tannin/dyestuff | | Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR. |
Medicines | folklore | | McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland. |
Medicines | folklore | contains anthocianidoses | Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs |