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Taxon:  Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch. Bip.



Summary
Genus:
Gymnanthemum
Family:
Asteraceae (alt. Compositae)
Subfamily:
Cichorioideae
Tribe:
Vernonieae
Subtribe:
Gymnantheminae
Nomen number:
419854
Place of publication:
W. G. Walpers, Repert. bot. syst. 2:948. 1843
Comment:
in addition to ascribing the new combination to him, Walper's acknowledged the contributions of Schultz-Bipontinus in his preface (p. vi), so he is the author of this name (Shenzhen ICN 46.2)
Verified:
06/02/2008 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
1 (1  active, 1  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Vernonia amygdalina Delile

No images


Reference(s)
  1. Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 URL: http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
  2. Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
  3. Robinson, H. 1999. Generic and subtribal classification of American Vernonieae. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 89:69. URL: http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/Botany/
  4. Robinson, H. 1999. Revisions in paleotropical Vernonieae (Asteraceae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 112:239.
  5. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa. Note: = Vernonia amygdalina Delile
Common names
English
bitterleaf –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaKenya  
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaTanzania  
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaUganda  
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEritrea  
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEthiopia  
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaAngola  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMalawi  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMozambique  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZambia  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZimbabwe  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaBotswana  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaEswatini  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaKwaZulu-Natal 
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaLimpopo 
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaMpumalanga 
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaBenin  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaCôte D'Ivoire  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaGhana  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaGuinea  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaLiberia  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaMali  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaNigeria  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaSierra Leone  
1NativeAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaCameroon  
1NativeAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaDemocratic Republic of the Congo  
1NativeAfricaWest-Central Tropical AfricaEquatorial Guinea  
1NativeAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaYemen  
2Cultivated    also cult.
Native
Africa
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
  • WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea
  • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Benin, Côte D'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, Eswatini, South Africa [KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga]
Asia-Temperate
  • ARABIAN PENINSULA: Yemen
Cultivated (also cult.)
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Environmentalboundary/barrier/supportfor hedgesHanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 URL: http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
Environmentalornamentalfor hedgesHanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 URL: http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
Human foodvegetablefide L Edible Pl, as Vernonia amygdalina; Pl Book, as Vernonia amygdalinaKunkel, G. 1984. Plants for human consumption
Medicinesfolkloreas Vernonia amygdalinaKayode, J. 2005. Ethnobotanical survey and conservation of medicinal Compositae species in Benin Kingdom, Nigeria. Compositae Newslett. 42:53.


ILRI Germplasm Policy (excerpts)

The International Livestock research Institute (ILRI) maintains a collection of forage germplasm as a global public good. The material was acquired prior to the entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity; or if it was acquired after the entering into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it was obtained with the understanding that it was held in trust and could be made available for any agricultural research, breeding and training purposes under the terms and conditions set out in the agreement between the ILRI and FAO dated 26 October 1994. On 16 October 2006, ILRI signed an agreement with the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) placing these in trust collections of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) within the purview of the Treaty.

In accordance with this Agreement, all shipments of PGRFA of crops listed in Annex 1 to the Treaty (shipments of PGRFA under the Multilateral System) will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA). In the event that the SMTA (attached) is used for the transfer of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture other than those listed in Annex 1 of the Treaty: i) The references in the SMTA to the "Multilateral System" shall not be interpreted as limiting the application of the SMTA to Annex 1 Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and in the case of Article 6.2 of the SMTA shall mean "under this Agreement". ii) The reference in Article 6.11 and Annex 3 of the SMTA to "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop, as set out in Annex 1 to the Treaty" shall be taken to mean "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop".

The material is held in trust and the recipient has no rights to obtain Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on the material or related information. The recipient may utilize and conserve the material for research, breeding and training and may distribute it to other parties provided such parties accept the terms and conditions of the SMTA .

ILRI will provide forage seeds in small experimental quantities of between 1 and 20 grams without charge from the germplasm collection under the SMTA as appropriate for the crop as part of its policy of maximizing the utilization of material for research, breeding and training. Larger quantities sufficient to sow up to one quarter of a hectare of a limited number of promising accessions will require that requesters cover the costs of production and shipping.

ILRI makes no warranties as to the safety or title of the material, nor as to the accuracy or correctness of any passport or other data provided with the material. Neither does it make any warranties as to the quality, viability, or purity (genetic or mechanical) of the material being furnished. The phytosanitary condition of the material is warranted only as described in the attached phytosanitary certificate. The recipient assumes full responsibility for complying with the recipient nation’s quarantine and biosafety regulations and rules as to import or release of genetic material.