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Taxon:  Bromus inermis Leyss.



Summary
Genus:
Bromus
Subgenus:
Festucoides
Family:
Poaceae (alt. Gramineae)
Subfamily:
Pooideae
Tribe:
Bromeae
Nomen number:
7807
Place of publication:
Fl. halens. 16. 1761
Verified:
05/06/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
2 (2  active, 1  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Bromus inermis Leyss. subsp. inermis (0 active accession[s])
Bromus inermis Leyss. subsp. pumpellianus (Scribn.) Wagnon (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Acedo, C. & F. Llamas. 1999. The genus Bromus L. (Poaceae) in the Iberian Peninsula. Phanerog. Monogr. 22:245-249.
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
  3. Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
  4. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
  5. Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora.
  6. Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 27-28.
  7. Englert, J. M. et al. 1999. USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators
  8. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). URL: http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html Note: = Bromopsis inermis (Leyss.) Holub.
  9. Fink, K. A. & S. D. Wilson. 2011. Bromus inermis invasion of a native grassland: diversity and resource reduction. Botany 89:157-164. URL: http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/rp-ps/journalDetail.jsp?jcode=cjb&lang=eng Note: this study recognized this species as an invasor of disturbed areas with rich soils; it has high productivity compared to native grassland species
  10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Bromus+inermis&quantity=1
  11. Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.
  12. Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Manual of the grasses of the United States, ed. 2.
  13. International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
  14. Koyama, T. 1987. Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions
  15. McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
  16. Otfinowski, R. et al. 2007. The biology of Canadian weeds. 134. Bromus inermis Leyss. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 87:183-198. Note: this review recognizes Eurasian Bromus inermis with naturalized populations in Canada, and its ecology as successful competitor of native grassland species
  17. Pavlick, L. 1995. Bromus L. of North America
  18. Tuna, M. et al. 2006. Cytogenetic and nuclear DNA content characterization of diploid Bromus erectus and Bromus variegatus. Crop Sci. (Madison) 46:637-641.
  19. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  20. Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR
  21. Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
  22. Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 1994. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en la República Argentina. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47
  23. 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
English (Canada)
smooth brome –
French (Canada)
brome inerme –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationDagestan 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian Federation-CiscaucasiaCiscaucasia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChina  
1NativeAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapanHokkaidô 
1NativeAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapanHonshu 
1NativeAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapanKyushu 
1NativeAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapanShikoku 
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKazakhstan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKyrgyzstan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTajikistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTurkmenistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateRussian Far EastRussian Federation-Far EastFar East 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Eastern SiberiaEastern Siberia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Western SiberiaWestern Siberia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeMoldova  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean part 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine incl. Krym
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeCzech Republic  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeNetherlands  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropePoland  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSlovakia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeCroatia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSlovenia  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance  
1NativeNorthern AmericaEastern CanadaCanadaOntario 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesNebraskaw.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesNorth Dakota 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesSouth Dakota 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMichigan 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesColorado 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesIdaho 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesMontana 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesWashingtone.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesWyoming 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaCanadaNorthwest Territories 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaCanadaYukon 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaUnited StatesAlaska 
1NativeNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaAlberta 
1NativeNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaBritish Columbia 
1NativeNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaManitoba 
1NativeNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaSaskatchewan 
2Cultivated    widely cult.
4NaturalizedEurope Europe n.
4NaturalizedNorthern America Canada  
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States  
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaEastern CanadaCanadaOntario 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesNebraskaw.
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesNorth Dakota 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesSouth Dakota 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMichigan 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesColorado 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesIdaho 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesMontana 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesWashingtone.
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesWyoming 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaCanadaNorthwest Territories 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaCanadaYukon 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaUnited StatesAlaska 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaAlberta 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaBritish Columbia 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaManitoba 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaSaskatchewan 
Native
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Turkey
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan
  • RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation-Far East [Far East]
  • CHINA: China
  • EASTERN ASIA: Japan [Hokkaidô, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku]
Europe
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Croatia, Italy, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: France
Northern America
  • SUBARCTIC AMERICA: Canada [Northwest Territories, Yukon], United States [Alaska]
  • EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Ontario]
  • WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia]
  • NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Michigan]
  • NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Nebraska (w.), North Dakota, South Dakota]
  • NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Washington (e.), Wyoming]
Cultivated (widely cult.)
Naturalized
Europe
  • REGION: Europe (n.)
Northern America
  • SUBARCTIC AMERICA: Canada [Northwest Territories, Yukon], United States [Alaska]
  • EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Ontario]
  • WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia]
  • NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Michigan]
  • NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Nebraska (w.), North Dakota, South Dakota]
  • NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Washington (e.), Wyoming]
  • REGION: Canada, United States
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Weed  Otfinowski, R. et al. 2007. The biology of Canadian weeds. 134. Bromus inermis Leyss. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 87:183-198. Note: this review recognizes Eurasian Bromus inermis with naturalized populations in Canada, and its ecology as successful competitor of native grassland species


ILRI Germplasm Policy (excerpts)

The International Livestock research Institute (ILRI) maintains a collection of forage germplasm as a global public good. The material was acquired prior to the entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity; or if it was acquired after the entering into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it was obtained with the understanding that it was held in trust and could be made available for any agricultural research, breeding and training purposes under the terms and conditions set out in the agreement between the ILRI and FAO dated 26 October 1994. On 16 October 2006, ILRI signed an agreement with the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) placing these in trust collections of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) within the purview of the Treaty.

In accordance with this Agreement, all shipments of PGRFA of crops listed in Annex 1 to the Treaty (shipments of PGRFA under the Multilateral System) will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA). In the event that the SMTA (attached) is used for the transfer of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture other than those listed in Annex 1 of the Treaty: i) The references in the SMTA to the "Multilateral System" shall not be interpreted as limiting the application of the SMTA to Annex 1 Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and in the case of Article 6.2 of the SMTA shall mean "under this Agreement". ii) The reference in Article 6.11 and Annex 3 of the SMTA to "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop, as set out in Annex 1 to the Treaty" shall be taken to mean "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop".

The material is held in trust and the recipient has no rights to obtain Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on the material or related information. The recipient may utilize and conserve the material for research, breeding and training and may distribute it to other parties provided such parties accept the terms and conditions of the SMTA .

ILRI will provide forage seeds in small experimental quantities of between 1 and 20 grams without charge from the germplasm collection under the SMTA as appropriate for the crop as part of its policy of maximizing the utilization of material for research, breeding and training. Larger quantities sufficient to sow up to one quarter of a hectare of a limited number of promising accessions will require that requesters cover the costs of production and shipping.

ILRI makes no warranties as to the safety or title of the material, nor as to the accuracy or correctness of any passport or other data provided with the material. Neither does it make any warranties as to the quality, viability, or purity (genetic or mechanical) of the material being furnished. The phytosanitary condition of the material is warranted only as described in the attached phytosanitary certificate. The recipient assumes full responsibility for complying with the recipient nation’s quarantine and biosafety regulations and rules as to import or release of genetic material.