Taxon:
Buxus sempervirens L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:983. 1753
Verified:
09/09/1986
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Batdorf, L. R. 2004. Boxwood: An illustrated encyclopedia
- Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource). URL: http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/BSBI/taxonsearch.php
- Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
- Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
- Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
- Eriksson, O. et al. 1979. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 2.
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Buxus+sempervirens&quantity=1
- Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
- Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
- Jahandiez, E. & R. Maire. 1931-1941. Catalogue des plantes du Maroc.
- Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
- Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
- Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
- Meyer, F. G. et al. 1994. A catalog of cultivated woody plants of the southeastern United States
- Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
- Quézel, P. & S. Santa. 1962-1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
- Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
- Rehder, A. 1949. Bibliography of cultivated trees and shrubs.
- St. John, H. 1973. List and summary of the flowering plants in the Hawaiian islands
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
- Yunnan Inst. Bot. & Kunming Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci., eds. 1977-. Flora yunnanica.
- Zohary, M. et al. 1980-. Conspectus florae orientalis.
- 1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
- 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
English
box – boxtree – boxwood – boxwoodtree – Caucasian boxwood – common box – common boxwood – European box – French boxwood – Persian boxwood – Turkish boxwood – Portuguese (Brazil)
árvore-da-caixa – buxinho – buxo – Swedish
buxbom –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Algeria | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Libya | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Morocco | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Azerbaijan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iran | | n. |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Turkey | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Austria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Belgium | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Germany | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Former Yugoslavia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Greece | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | incl. Sardinia |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | incl. Corsica |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Portugal | | incl. Azores |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | also cult. |
4 | Naturalized | | | | | natzd. elsewhere |
Native
Africa
-
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria, Libya, Morocco
Asia-Temperate
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Iran (n.), Turkey
-
CAUCASUS:
Azerbaijan
Europe
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
United Kingdom
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Former Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece, Italy (incl. Sardinia)
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain, France (incl. Corsica), Portugal (incl. Azores)
Cultivated
(also cult.)
Naturalized
(natzd. elsewhere)
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Environmental | ornamental | | Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage |
Materials | wood | | Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. |
Medicines | folklore | | Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs |
Medicines | folklore | | McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland. |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous |