International Livestock Research Institute

Welcome!


Taxon:  Chenopodium quinoa Willd.



Summary
Genus:
Chenopodium
Family:
Chenopodiaceae
Subfamily:
Chenopodioideae
Tribe:
Chenopodieae
Nomen number:
10194
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1(2):1301. 1798
Verified:
04/15/2011 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
11 (11  active, 10  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Chenopodium quinoa Willd. subsp. milleanum (Aellen) Aellen (0 active accession[s])
Chenopodium quinoa Willd. subsp. quinoa (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
  2. Beauge, A. 1974. Chenopodium album et especes affines: etude historique et statistique. 73-157.
  3. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource). URL: http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/BSBI/taxonsearch.php
  4. Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45
  5. de la Cruz Torres, E. et al. 2013. The genus Chenopodium: A potential food source. Biotechnology of neglected and underutilized crops. Springer Science+Business Media, Dordrecht, Germany. 1:3-31. URL: http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-007-5500-0_8
  6. Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
  7. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Chenopodium+quinoa&quantity=1
  8. Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
  9. Hegi, G. et al. 1960. Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa 3:627. Note: ed. 1:1906-1931; ed. 2:1936-68; ed. 3:1966-
  10. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
  11. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
  12. Macbride, J. F. et al., eds. 1936-. Flora of Peru Note: 1936-1971; new ser. 1980-
  13. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
  14. Maughan, P. J. et al. 2007. Chapter 9. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa). Genome mapping and molecular breeding in plants (7 vols.) Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 3:147-158.
  15. Muñoz Pizarro, C. 1959. Sinopsis de la flora Chilena.
  16. Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
  17. Rea, J. 1968. Bibliografia sobre quinua y canihua.
  18. Rehm, S. & G. Espig. 1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics
  19. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  20. Risi C., J. & N. W. Galwey. 1989. Chenopodium grains of the Andes: a crop for temperate latitudes. In: G. E. Wickens et al., New crops for food and industry. New crops for food and industry 222-234.
  21. Ryder, E. J. 1999. Lettuce, endive and chicory. Crop Prod. Sci. Hort. 9:134. Note: mentions
  22. Standley, P. C. 1931. The Nyctaginaceae and Chenopodiaceae of northwestern South America. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11:120.
  23. Turcios, A. E. et al. 2016. Potential use of the facultative halophyte Chenopodium quinoa Willd. as substrate for biogas production cultivated with different concentrations of sodium chloride under hydroponic conditions. Bioresource Technol. 203:272-279. Note: as "Chenopodium quinoa var. titicaca"
  24. Walsh, B. M. et al. 2015. Chenopodium polyploidy inferences from Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) data. Amer. J. Bot. 102:533-543. URL: http://www.amjbot.org
  25. Wilson, H. D. 1990. Quinua and relatives (Chenopodium sect. Chenopodium subsect. Cellulata). Econ. Bot. 44(suppl. 3):92-110. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/12231
Common names
English
quinoa –
Portuguese (Brazil)
quinoa –
Swedish
mjölmålla –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentinaCórdoba 
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaChile  
1NativeSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaBolivia  
1NativeSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaColombia  
1NativeSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaEcuador  
1NativeSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaPeru  
2CultivatedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentina n.w.
2CultivatedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaChile  
2CultivatedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaBolivia w.
2CultivatedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaColombiaNariño 
2CultivatedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaEcuador  
2CultivatedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaPeru  
Native
Southern America
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina [Córdoba], Chile
Cultivated
Southern America
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia (w.), Colombia [Nariño], Ecuador, Peru
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina (n.w.), Chile
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Human foodpseudocerealused for human consumption cooked after treatment for reducing saponinsde la Cruz Torres, E. et al. 2013. The genus Chenopodium: A potential food source. Biotechnology of neglected and underutilized crops. Springer Science+Business Media, Dordrecht, Germany. 1:3-31. URL: http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-007-5500-0_8


ILRI Germplasm Policy (excerpts)

The International Livestock research Institute (ILRI) maintains a collection of forage germplasm as a global public good. The material was acquired prior to the entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity; or if it was acquired after the entering into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it was obtained with the understanding that it was held in trust and could be made available for any agricultural research, breeding and training purposes under the terms and conditions set out in the agreement between the ILRI and FAO dated 26 October 1994. On 16 October 2006, ILRI signed an agreement with the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) placing these in trust collections of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) within the purview of the Treaty.

In accordance with this Agreement, all shipments of PGRFA of crops listed in Annex 1 to the Treaty (shipments of PGRFA under the Multilateral System) will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA). In the event that the SMTA (attached) is used for the transfer of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture other than those listed in Annex 1 of the Treaty: i) The references in the SMTA to the "Multilateral System" shall not be interpreted as limiting the application of the SMTA to Annex 1 Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and in the case of Article 6.2 of the SMTA shall mean "under this Agreement". ii) The reference in Article 6.11 and Annex 3 of the SMTA to "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop, as set out in Annex 1 to the Treaty" shall be taken to mean "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop".

The material is held in trust and the recipient has no rights to obtain Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on the material or related information. The recipient may utilize and conserve the material for research, breeding and training and may distribute it to other parties provided such parties accept the terms and conditions of the SMTA .

ILRI will provide forage seeds in small experimental quantities of between 1 and 20 grams without charge from the germplasm collection under the SMTA as appropriate for the crop as part of its policy of maximizing the utilization of material for research, breeding and training. Larger quantities sufficient to sow up to one quarter of a hectare of a limited number of promising accessions will require that requesters cover the costs of production and shipping.

ILRI makes no warranties as to the safety or title of the material, nor as to the accuracy or correctness of any passport or other data provided with the material. Neither does it make any warranties as to the quality, viability, or purity (genetic or mechanical) of the material being furnished. The phytosanitary condition of the material is warranted only as described in the attached phytosanitary certificate. The recipient assumes full responsibility for complying with the recipient nation’s quarantine and biosafety regulations and rules as to import or release of genetic material.