Taxon:
Clitoria ternatea L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:753. 1753
Verified:
10/08/1988
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource). URL: http://botany.si.edu/Antilles/WestIndies/results.cfm
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Aubréville, A. et al., eds. 1960-. Flore du Cambodge du Laos et du Viet-Nam.
- Brunel, J. F. et al., eds. 1984. Flore analytique du Togo. Phanerogames
- Burkart, A. E. 1952. Las leguminosas Argentinas - silvestres y cultivadas, ed. 2.
- CalFlora Database Project. CalFlora: a botanical resource for California on the internet (on-line resource). URL: http://www.calflora.org/
- Du Puy, D. J. et al. 2002. The Leguminosae of Madagascar
- Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
- Fantz, P. R. 1989. pers. comm.
- Fantz, P. R. 1993. Revising the classification of cultivated Centrosema and Clitoria in the United States. HortScience 28:676.
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Clitoria+ternatea&quantity=1
- Forzza, R. C. et al., coord. Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil (on-line resource). URL: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/
- Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
- Hacker, J. B. 1990. A guide to herbaceous and shrub legumes of Queensland University of Queensland Press, St. Lucia, Australia.
- Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
- Huang, S. F. & T. C. Huang. 1987. Taxonomic treatment of the Papilionoideae (Leguminosae) of Taiwan. Taiwania 32:11-117.
- Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource). URL: http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html
- Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource). URL: http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
- International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource). URL: http://www.legumes-online.net/aweb/database.htm
- Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
- Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
- Kunkel, G. 1984. Plants for human consumption Note: = Clitoria ternata
- Lewis, G. P. 1987. Legumes of Bahia
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
- Liogier, H. A. & L. F. Martorell. 1982. Flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic synopsis.
- Lock, J. M. & C. S. Ford. 2004. Legumes of Malesia: a checklist
- Lock, J. M. & J. Heald. 1994. Legumes of Indochina: a checklist
- Lock, J. M. & K. Simpson. 1991. Legumes of West Asia: a checklist
- Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
- Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
- Macbride, J. F. et al., eds. 1936-. Flora of Peru Note: 1936-1971; new ser. 1980-
- Matthew, K. M. 1983. The flora of the Tamilnadu Carnatic.
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
- McVaugh, R. 1983-. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
- Missouri Botanical Garden. Flora of Mesoamerica Checklist (on-line resource). URL: http://www.mobot.org/mobot/fm/welcome.html
- Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
- Pulle, A. A. et al., eds. 1932-. Flora of Suriname.
- Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
- 't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 4:94. URL: http://proseanet.org
- Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
- Verdcourt, B. 1979. A manual of New Guinea legumes.
- Woodson, R. E. & R. W. Schery, eds. 1943-1980. Flora of Panama.
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
- Wunderlin, R. & B. Hansen. Atlas of Florida vascular plants (on-line resource). URL: http://www.florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/
Common names
English
bluebellvine – blue-pea – butterfly-pea – cordofan-pea – Darwin-pea – French
honte – German
blaue Klitorie – Portuguese
clitória-azul – Portuguese (Brazil)
clitória – Spanish
azulejo – conchitas – papito – zapatico de la reina – zapotillo – Swedish
himmelsärt – Transcribed Chinese
die dou –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | widely cult. |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Kenya | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Tanzania | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Uganda | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Macaronesia | Cabo Verde | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Chad | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Djibouti | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Ethiopia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Somalia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Sudan | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Angola | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Malawi | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Mozambique | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Zambia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Zimbabwe | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Benin | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Côte D'Ivoire | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Gambia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Ghana | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Guinea | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Guinea-Bissau | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Niger | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Nigeria | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Senegal | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Sierra Leone | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Togo | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Burundi | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Cameroon | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Democratic Republic of the Congo | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Gabon | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Sao Tome and Principe | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Western Indian Ocean | Madagascar | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Arabian Peninsula | Saudi Arabia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Arabian Peninsula | Yemen | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Fujian Sheng | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Guangdong Sheng | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Hainan Sheng | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Yunnan Sheng | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Zhejiang Sheng | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Taiwan | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iran | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iraq | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Bangladesh | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Bhutan | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | India | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Maldives | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Nepal | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Pakistan | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Sri Lanka | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Cambodia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | India | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Laos | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Myanmar | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Thailand | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Vietnam | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Christmas Island | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Indonesia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Indonesia | Jawa | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Indonesia | Sumatera | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Malaysia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Malaysia | Sabah | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Philippines | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Singapore | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Papuasia | Indonesia | Papua Barat | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Papuasia | Papua New Guinea | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Papuasia | Solomon Islands | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | Australia | Australia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Illinois | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Missouri | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Sinaloa | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | Texas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Florida | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Georgia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Kentucky | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Colima | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Jalisco | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Oaxaca | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Yucatán | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | California | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | North-Central Pacific | United States | Hawaii | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Northwestern Pacific | Palau | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Northwestern Pacific | United States | Guam | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Northwestern Pacific | United States | Northern Mariana Islands | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | South-Central Pacific | French Polynesia | Society Islands | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Fiji | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | New Caledonia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Samoa | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Brazil | Brazil | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Antigua and Barbuda | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Aruba | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Bahamas | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Barbados | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Cayman Islands | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Cuba | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Dominica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Dominican Republic | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Guadeloupe | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Haiti | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Jamaica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Martinique | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Montserrat | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Netherlands Antilles | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | St. Kitts and Nevis | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | St. Vincent and Grenadines | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | United States | Puerto Rico | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | United States | Virgin Islands, U.S. | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Virgin Islands (British) | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Belize | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Costa Rica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | El Salvador | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Guatemala | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Honduras | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Nicaragua | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Panama | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Northern South America | French Guiana | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Northern South America | Suriname | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Northern South America | Venezuela | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Paraguay | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Uruguay | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Bolivia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Colombia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Ecuador | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Ecuador | Galápagos | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Peru | | |
6 | Other | | | | | exact native range obscure |
Cultivated
(widely cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Cabo Verde
-
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Djibouti, Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, Chad
-
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
-
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA:
Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Sao Tome and Principe
-
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Benin, Côte D'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
-
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA:
Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
South Africa
-
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN:
Madagascar
Asia-Temperate
-
ARABIAN PENINSULA:
Saudi Arabia, Yemen
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Iran, Iraq
-
CHINA:
China [Zhejiang Sheng, Fujian Sheng, Guangdong Sheng, Yunnan Sheng, Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu, Hainan Sheng]
-
EASTERN ASIA:
Taiwan
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan
-
PAPUASIA:
Indonesia [Papua Barat], Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands
-
INDO-CHINA:
India [Andaman and Nicobar Islands], Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
-
MALESIA:
Christmas Island, Indonesia [Jawa, Sumatera], Malaysia [Sabah], Philippines, Singapore
Australasia
Northern America
-
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Illinois, Missouri]
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Florida, Georgia, Kentucky]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Texas]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [California]
-
NORTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Sinaloa]
-
SOUTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Colima, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, Yucatán]
Pacific
-
NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
United States [Hawaii]
-
NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC:
Palau, United States [Guam, Northern Mariana Islands]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
French Polynesia [Society Islands]
-
SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC:
Fiji, New Caledonia, Samoa
Southern America
-
CARIBBEAN:
Aruba, Netherlands Antilles, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica, St. Kitts and Nevis, Montserrat, Martinique, United States [Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, U.S.], St. Vincent and Grenadines, Virgin Islands (British)
-
CENTRAL AMERICA:
Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador
-
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
French Guiana, Suriname, Venezuela
-
BRAZIL:
Brazil
-
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador [Galápagos], Peru
-
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Paraguay, Uruguay
Other
(exact native range obscure)
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Animal food | potential as fodder | | 't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 4:94. URL: http://proseanet.org |
Environmental | ornamental | | Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. |
Environmental | ornamental | | Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening |
Medicines | folklore | | McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland. |