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Taxon:  Trifolium repens L.



Summary
Genus:
Trifolium
Subgenus:
Trifolium
Section:
Trifoliastrum
Family:
Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)
Subfamily:
Faboideae
Tribe:
Trifolieae
Nomen number:
300625
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:767. 1753
Verified:
03/26/2007 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
22 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Trifolium repens L. f. hollandicum (Erith) Jáv. & Soó (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium repens L. var. biasolettii (Steud. & Hochst.) Asch. & Graebn. (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium repens L. var. giganteum Lagr.-Foss. (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium repens L. var. macrorrhizum Boiss. (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium repens L. var. nevadense (Boiss.) C. Vicioso (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium repens L. var. ochranthum Maly ex Asch. & Graebn. (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium repens L. var. orbelicum (Velen.) Fritsch (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium repens L. var. orphanideum (Boiss.) Boiss. (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium repens L. var. repens (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Trifolium repens L. var. atropurpureum hort.
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource). URL: http://www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/cultural/Trifolium_repens_K/
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
  3. Badr, A. et al. 2002. Ancestors of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), as reveales by isozyme polymorphisms. Theor. Appl. Genet. 106:143-148. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  4. Burdon, J. J. 1980. Intra-specific diversity in a natural population of Trifolium repens. J. Ecol. 68:717-735.
  5. Burdon, J. J. 1983. Biological flora of the British Isles. No. 154. Trifolium repens. J. Ecol. 71:307-330.
  6. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables
  7. Converse, R. H., ed. 1987. Virus diseases of small fruits. USDA Agriculture Handbook 631 35.
  8. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
  9. Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora.
  10. Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 144.
  11. Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance
  12. Ellison, N. W. et al. 2006. Molecular phylogenetics of the clover genus (Trifolium - Leguminosae). Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 39:688-705. URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10557903
  13. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). URL: http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
  14. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Trifolium+repens&quantity=1
  15. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14
  16. Gillett, J. M. & N. L. Taylor (M. Collins ed.). 2001. The world of clovers 342.
  17. Graham, E. H. 1941. Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. USDA Misc. Publ. 412.
  18. Inst. Bot. V. L. Komarova, Acad. Sci. URSS. 1963-. Plantae asiae centralis.
  19. International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
  20. Kellerman, T. S. et al. 1988. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa Note: poisonous
  21. Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
  22. Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
  23. Lee, Y. N. 1997. Flora of Korea.
  24. Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
  25. Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2
  26. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
  27. Meikle, R. D. 1977-1985. Flora of Cyprus.
  28. Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:132.
  29. Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource). URL: http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
  30. National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future
  31. Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
  32. Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
  33. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  34. Quézel, P. & S. Santa. 1962-1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
  35. Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
  36. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  37. Smythies, B. E. 1984-1986. Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands: checklist of vascular plants. Englera 3:1-882.
  38. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq.
  39. University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource). URL: http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop/
  40. Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource). URL: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/fabaceae/trifolium-repens/fichas/pagina1.htm
  41. Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
  42. Williams, W. M. & S. N. Nichols. 2011. Chapter 13: Trifolium. Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, legume crops and forages 249-272.
  43. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
  44. Yakovlev, G. P. et al. 1996. Legumes of Northern Eurasia Note: = Amoria repens (L.) C. Presl
  45. Zohary, M. & D. Heller. 1984. The genus Trifolium 167.
  46. 1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
  47. 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
English
Dutch clover –
ladino clover –
white clover –
white Dutch clover –
English (Canada)
white clover –
French
trèfle blanc –
trèfle rampant –
French (Canada)
trèfle blanc –
German
Weißklee –
Italian
trifoglio bianco –
trifoglio ladino –
Portuguese
trevo-branco –
Spanish
trébol blanco –
Swedish
vitklöver –
Transcribed Chinese
bai che zhou cao –
Transcribed Korean
keuroba –
tokkipul –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationChecheno-Ingushetia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationDagestan 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationKabardino-Balkaria 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationKarachay-Cherkessia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationKrasnodar 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationNorth Ossetia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationStavropol 
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKazakhstan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKyrgyzstan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTajikistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTurkmenistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaUzbekistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationAltay 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationBuryatia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationChelyabinsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationGorno-Altay 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationIrkutsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationKemerovo 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationKhakassia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationKhanty-Mansi 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationKrasnoyarsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationKurgan 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationNovosibirsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationOmsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationSverdlovsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationTomsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationTuva 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationTyumen 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationUst Orda Buryat 
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaAfghanistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaCyprus  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIsrael  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaJordan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeEstonia  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeLatvia  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeLithuania  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeMoldova  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationArkhangelsk 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationAstrakhan 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationBashkortostan 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationBelgorod 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationBryansk 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationChuvashia 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationIvanovo 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKaliningrad 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKalmykia 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKaluga 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKarelia 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKirov 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKomi 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKostroma 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKursk 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationLeningrad 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationLipetsk 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationMari-El 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationMordvinia 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationMoscow 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationMurmansk 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationNenets 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationNovgorod 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationOrel 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationOrenburg 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationPenza 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationPerm 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationPskov 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationRostov 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationRyazan 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationSaratov 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationSmolensk 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationTambov 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationTatarstan 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationTula 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationUdmurtia 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationUlyanovsk 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationVladimir 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationVolgograd 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationVologda 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationVoronezh 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationYaroslavl 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine incl. Krym
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeBelgium  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeCzechoslovakia  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeNetherlands  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropePoland  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeDenmark  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeFaroe Islands  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeFinland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeIceland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeIreland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeSweden  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeUnited Kingdom  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeFormer Yugoslavia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia, Sicily
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance incl. Corsica
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. Baleares
2Cultivated    widely cult.
4NaturalizedAfricaEast Tropical AfricaKenya  
4NaturalizedAfricaEast Tropical AfricaTanzania  
4NaturalizedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEthiopia  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaEastern Cape 
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaGauteng 
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaKwaZulu-Natal 
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaMpumalanga 
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaNorth-West 
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaWestern Cape 
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateChinaChina  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentBhutan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentSri Lanka  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaNew ZealandNew Zealand  
4NaturalizedNorthern America Canada  
4NaturalizedNorthern America Mexico  
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States  
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii 
4NaturalizedSouthern America South America  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCaribbeanWest Indies  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCentral AmericaCentral America  
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
  • CAUCASUS: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Checheno-Ingushetia, Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, North Ossetia, Krasnodar, Stavropol]
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation [Buryatia, Gorno-Altay, Khakassia, Tuva, Altay, Krasnoyarsk, Chelyabinsk, Irkutsk, Ust Orda Buryat, Kemerovo, Kurgan, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Sverdlovsk, Tomsk, Tyumen, Khanty-Mansi]
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Pakistan
Europe
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, Faroe Islands, United Kingdom, Ireland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Czechoslovakia, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Russian Federation [Bashkortostan, Chuvashia, Kalmykia, Karelia, Komi, Mari-El, Mordvinia, Tatarstan, Udmurtia, Arkhangelsk, Nenets, Astrakhan, Belgorod, Bryansk, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Kirov, Kostroma, Kursk, Leningrad, Lipetsk, Moscow, Murmansk, Novgorod, Orel, Orenburg, Penza, Perm, Pskov, Rostov, Ryazan, Saratov, Smolensk, Tambov, Tula, Ulyanovsk, Vladimir, Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Yaroslavl], Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Former Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Romania
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated (widely cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa [KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, North-West]
Asia-Temperate
  • CHINA: China
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Northern America
  • REGION: Canada, Mexico, United States
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
Southern America
  • CARIBBEAN: West Indies
  • CENTRAL AMERICA: Central America
  • REGION: South America
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Animal foodforage Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora.
Animal foodforage Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
Animal foodforage Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Environmentalsoil improver University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource). URL: http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop/
Harmful organism hostcrop diseases Converse, R. H., ed. 1987. Virus diseases of small fruits. USDA Agriculture Handbook 631 35.
Harmful organism hostcrop pests Converse, R. H., ed. 1987. Virus diseases of small fruits. USDA Agriculture Handbook 631 35.
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Kellerman, T. S. et al. 1988. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
Weedpotential seed contaminant Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Weedpotential seed contaminantfide Geigy Weed Tables. 1968CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables


ILRI Germplasm Policy (excerpts)

The International Livestock research Institute (ILRI) maintains a collection of forage germplasm as a global public good. The material was acquired prior to the entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity; or if it was acquired after the entering into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it was obtained with the understanding that it was held in trust and could be made available for any agricultural research, breeding and training purposes under the terms and conditions set out in the agreement between the ILRI and FAO dated 26 October 1994. On 16 October 2006, ILRI signed an agreement with the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) placing these in trust collections of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) within the purview of the Treaty.

In accordance with this Agreement, all shipments of PGRFA of crops listed in Annex 1 to the Treaty (shipments of PGRFA under the Multilateral System) will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA). In the event that the SMTA (attached) is used for the transfer of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture other than those listed in Annex 1 of the Treaty: i) The references in the SMTA to the "Multilateral System" shall not be interpreted as limiting the application of the SMTA to Annex 1 Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and in the case of Article 6.2 of the SMTA shall mean "under this Agreement". ii) The reference in Article 6.11 and Annex 3 of the SMTA to "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop, as set out in Annex 1 to the Treaty" shall be taken to mean "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop".

The material is held in trust and the recipient has no rights to obtain Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on the material or related information. The recipient may utilize and conserve the material for research, breeding and training and may distribute it to other parties provided such parties accept the terms and conditions of the SMTA .

ILRI will provide forage seeds in small experimental quantities of between 1 and 20 grams without charge from the germplasm collection under the SMTA as appropriate for the crop as part of its policy of maximizing the utilization of material for research, breeding and training. Larger quantities sufficient to sow up to one quarter of a hectare of a limited number of promising accessions will require that requesters cover the costs of production and shipping.

ILRI makes no warranties as to the safety or title of the material, nor as to the accuracy or correctness of any passport or other data provided with the material. Neither does it make any warranties as to the quality, viability, or purity (genetic or mechanical) of the material being furnished. The phytosanitary condition of the material is warranted only as described in the attached phytosanitary certificate. The recipient assumes full responsibility for complying with the recipient nation’s quarantine and biosafety regulations and rules as to import or release of genetic material.