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Taxon:  Anchusa azurea Mill.



Summary
Genus:
Anchusa
Family:
Boraginaceae
Subfamily:
Boraginoideae
Tribe:
Boragineae
Subtribe:
Boragininae
Nomen number:
3098
Place of publication:
Gard. dict. ed. 8: Anchusa no. 9. 1768
Verified:
05/06/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Anchusa italica Retz.
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
  2. Bennett, M. 2003. Pulmonarias and the Borage family 73.
  3. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  4. Demilly, D. et al. 1996. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 6. Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
  5. Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
  6. Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
  7. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). URL: http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
  8. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Anchusa+azurea&quantity=1
  9. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14
  10. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist. Note: Anchusa azurea auct. = A. italica Retz.
  11. Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
  12. Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. 2004. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres URL: http://www.gobcan.es/cmayot/interreg/atlantico/documentos/LESDCanarias.pdf
  13. Kartesz, J. T. 2011. North American plant atlas. The Biota of North America Program (BONAP) URL: http://www.bonap.org/MapSwitchboard.html
  14. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR. Note: = Anchusa italica Retz.
  15. Mouterde, P. 1966-. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie.
  16. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
  17. Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia. Note: Anchusa azurea Rchb. an Mill.? = A. italica Retz.
  18. Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica. Note: Anchusa azurea Mill., nom. confus. = A. italica Retz.
  19. Selvi, F. 2011. Review of Boraginaceae data for World Economic Plants, ed. 2. pers. comm. via e-mail 0n 20 May.
  20. Stace, C. 1995. New flora of the British Isles.
  21. Still, S. M. 1994. Manual of herbaceous ornamental plants, ed. 4
  22. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  23. Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. 1966-. Flora palaestina. Note: Anchusa azurea auct. non Mill. = A. italica Retz.
Common names
English
garden anchusa –
Italian alkanet –
Italian bugloss –
large blue alkanet –
French
buglosse d'Italie –
German
italienische Ochsenzunge –
Swedish
italiensk oxtunga –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaMacaronesiaPortugalMadeira Islands 
1NativeAfricaMacaronesiaSpainCanary Islands 
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEritrea  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKazakhstan s.
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKyrgyzstan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTajikistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTurkmenistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaUzbekistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaAfghanistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaCyprus  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIsrael  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaJordan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeMoldova  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean parts.w.
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeUkraineKrym 
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeCroatia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece incl. Crete
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia, Sicily
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSlovenia  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance incl. Corsica
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. Baleares
2Cultivated    also cult.
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeCzech Republic  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesIllinois 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesIowa 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesMissouri 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesConnecticut 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMassachusetts 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMichigan 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesNew Hampshire 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesNew York 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesOhio 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesPennsylvania 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesColorado 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesIdaho 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesMontana 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesOregon 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesWashington 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesMaryland 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSouthwestern U.S.A.United StatesCalifornia 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSouthwestern U.S.A.United StatesNevada 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSouthwestern U.S.A.United StatesUtah 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaBritish Columbia 
Native
Africa
  • MACARONESIA: Spain [Canary Islands], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Eritrea
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
  • CAUCASUS: Azerbaijan, Georgia
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan (s.), Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Pakistan
Europe
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Hungary
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part (s.w.)], Moldova, Ukraine [Krym]
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa
Europe
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany
Northern America
  • WESTERN CANADA: Canada [British Columbia]
  • NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Connecticut, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania]
  • NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Iowa, Missouri]
  • NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington]
  • SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Maryland]
  • SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [California, Nevada, Utah]
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Bee plantshoney production Selvi, F. 2011. Review of Boraginaceae data for World Economic Plants, ed. 2. pers. comm. via e-mail 0n 20 May.
Environmentalornamental Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
Environmentalornamental Still, S. M. 1994. Manual of herbaceous ornamental plants, ed. 4
Environmentalornamental Bennett, M. 2003. Pulmonarias and the Borage family 73.
Materialstannin/dyestufffide Pulmonaria 71.Bennett, M. 2003. Pulmonarias and the Borage family 73.
Medicinesfolklorefide Pulmonaria 71.Bennett, M. 2003. Pulmonarias and the Borage family 73.


ILRI Germplasm Policy (excerpts)

The International Livestock research Institute (ILRI) maintains a collection of forage germplasm as a global public good. The material was acquired prior to the entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity; or if it was acquired after the entering into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it was obtained with the understanding that it was held in trust and could be made available for any agricultural research, breeding and training purposes under the terms and conditions set out in the agreement between the ILRI and FAO dated 26 October 1994. On 16 October 2006, ILRI signed an agreement with the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) placing these in trust collections of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) within the purview of the Treaty.

In accordance with this Agreement, all shipments of PGRFA of crops listed in Annex 1 to the Treaty (shipments of PGRFA under the Multilateral System) will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA). In the event that the SMTA (attached) is used for the transfer of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture other than those listed in Annex 1 of the Treaty: i) The references in the SMTA to the "Multilateral System" shall not be interpreted as limiting the application of the SMTA to Annex 1 Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and in the case of Article 6.2 of the SMTA shall mean "under this Agreement". ii) The reference in Article 6.11 and Annex 3 of the SMTA to "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop, as set out in Annex 1 to the Treaty" shall be taken to mean "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop".

The material is held in trust and the recipient has no rights to obtain Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on the material or related information. The recipient may utilize and conserve the material for research, breeding and training and may distribute it to other parties provided such parties accept the terms and conditions of the SMTA .

ILRI will provide forage seeds in small experimental quantities of between 1 and 20 grams without charge from the germplasm collection under the SMTA as appropriate for the crop as part of its policy of maximizing the utilization of material for research, breeding and training. Larger quantities sufficient to sow up to one quarter of a hectare of a limited number of promising accessions will require that requesters cover the costs of production and shipping.

ILRI makes no warranties as to the safety or title of the material, nor as to the accuracy or correctness of any passport or other data provided with the material. Neither does it make any warranties as to the quality, viability, or purity (genetic or mechanical) of the material being furnished. The phytosanitary condition of the material is warranted only as described in the attached phytosanitary certificate. The recipient assumes full responsibility for complying with the recipient nation’s quarantine and biosafety regulations and rules as to import or release of genetic material.