Arachis hypogaea L. GRIN-Global

Taxon: Arachis hypogaea L.

Summary

Genus:

Arachis

Section:

Arachis

Family:

Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)

Subfamily:

Faboideae

Tribe:

Dalbergieae

Nomen number:

3785

Place of publication:

Sp. pl. 2:741. 1753

Typification:

View in Linnean Typification Project

Verified:

12/22/2009 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

2 (0 active, 0 available) in National Plant Germplasm System. (Map it)

Other conspecific taxa

Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata Waldron (0 active accession[s])
Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata Waldron var. aequatoriana Krapov. & W. C. Greg. (0 active accession[s])
Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata Waldron var. fastigiata (Waldron) Krapov. & W. C. Greg. (0 active accession[s])
Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata Waldron var. peruviana Krapov. & W. C. Greg. (0 active accession[s])
Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata Waldron var. vulgaris Harz (0 active accession[s])
Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea (0 active accession[s])
Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hirsuta J. Kohler (0 active accession[s])
Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea (0 active accession[s])

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

No images

Reference(s)

Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
Burow, M. D. et al. 2001. Transmission genetics of chromatin from a synthetic amphidiploid to cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.): broadening the gene pool of a monophyletic polyploid species. Genetics 159:823-837.
Burow, M. D. et al. 2009. Molecular biogeographic study of recently described B- and A-genome Arachis species, also providing new insights into the origins of cultivated peanut. Genome 52:107-109.
Butler, R. A. 2006. High oil prices fuel bioenergy push. Note: re. potential use as fuel substitute
Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). URL: http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Arachis+hypogaea&quantity=1
Galgaro, L. et al. 1998. Genetic variation between several species of sections Extranervosae, Caulorrhizae, Heteranthae, and Triseminatae (genus Arachis) estimated by DNA polymorphism. Genome 41:445-454.
Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14
Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 URL: http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
Hermann, F. J. 1954. A synopsis of the genus Arachis. Agric. Monogr. U.S.D.A. 19:13.
Hilu, K. W. & H. T. Stalker. 1995. Genetic relationships between peanut and wild species of Arachis sect. Arachis (Fabaceae): evidence from RAPDs. Pl. Syst. Evol. 198:167-178. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/606
International Legume Database & Information Service. International Legume Database and Information Service (on-line resource). URL: http://www.legumes-online.net/aweb/database.htm
International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
Johansen, E. L. & B. W. Smith. 1956. Arachis hypogaea X A. diogoi. Embryo and seed failure. Amer. J. Bot. 43:250-257. URL: http://www.amjbot.org
Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Krapovickas, A. & V. A. Rigoni. 1960. La nomenclatura de las subespecies y variedades de Arachis hypogaea L. Revista Invest. Agríc. 14:221-227.
Krapovickas, A. & W. C. Gregory. 1994. Taxonomía del género Arachis (Leguminosae). Bonplandia 8:147-151.
Kumar, S & P. V. Sane. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: a checklist.
Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
Lee, Y. N. 1997. Flora of Korea.
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist
Maesen, L. J. G. van der & Sadikin Somaatmadja, eds. 1989. Pulses. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 1:35. URL: http://proseanet.org
Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:78
Personal Care Products Council. INCI URL: http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/public/what-inci
Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
Raina, S. N. et al. 2001. RAPD and ISSR fingerprints as useful genetic markers for analysis of genetic diversity, varietal identification, and phylogenetic relationships in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cultivars and wild species. Genome 44:763-772.
Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Resslar, P. M. 1980. A review of the nomenclature of the genus Arachis L. Euphytica 29:815. Note: Netherlands journal of plant breeding
Subramanian, V. et al. 2000. Identification of DNA polymorphism in cultivated groundnut using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay. Genome 43:656-660.
Terrell, E. E. et al. 1986. Agricultural Handbook no. 505
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
Walker, E. 1976. Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu Islands.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.prota4u.info/

Common names

English
goober –
groundnut –
peanut –
Arabic
ful sudane –
French
arachide –
cacahuète –
pistache de terre –
German
Erdnuß –
Italian
arachide –
Japanese Rōmaji
nankin-mame –
rakka-sei –
Portuguese
amendoim –
caranga –
mandobi –
Spanish
avellana americana –
cacahuete –
cocos –
maní –
Swahili
karanga –
mjugu nyasa –
mnjugu nyasa –
Swedish
jordnöt –
Transcribed Chinese
luo hua sheng –
Transcribed Korean
ttangkong –

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note
2	Cultivated	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Kenya
2	Cultivated	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Tanzania
2	Cultivated	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Uganda
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Chad
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Eritrea
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Ethiopia
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Somalia
2	Cultivated	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Sudan
2	Cultivated	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Angola
2	Cultivated	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Malawi
2	Cultivated	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Mozambique
2	Cultivated	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zambia
2	Cultivated	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zimbabwe
2	Cultivated	Africa	Southern Africa	Botswana
2	Cultivated	Africa	Southern Africa	Namibia
2	Cultivated	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Benin
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Burkina Faso
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Côte D'Ivoire
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Gambia
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Ghana
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Guinea
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Guinea-Bissau
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Mali
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Mauritania
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Niger
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Nigeria
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Senegal
2	Cultivated	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Togo
2	Cultivated	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Cameroon
2	Cultivated	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Central African Republic
2	Cultivated	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Equatorial Guinea
2	Cultivated	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Gabon
2	Cultivated	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Comoros
2	Cultivated	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Madagascar
2	Cultivated	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Mauritius
2	Cultivated	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Reunion
2	Cultivated	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Seychelles
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Armenia
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Azerbaijan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Georgia
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia	Ciscaucasia
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	China	China
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Korea
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Taiwan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kazakhstan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kyrgyzstan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Tajikistan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Turkmenistan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Uzbekistan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Mongolia	Mongolia
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Iraq
2	Cultivated	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Turkey
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	India
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Nepal
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Sri Lanka
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Laos
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Myanmar
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Thailand
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Indo-China	Vietnam
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Indonesia
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Malaysia
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Malesia	Philippines
2	Cultivated	Asia-Tropical	Papuasia	Papua New Guinea
2	Cultivated	Australasia	Australia	Australia
2	Cultivated	Australasia	New Zealand	New Zealand
2	Cultivated	Europe	Eastern Europe	Belarus
2	Cultivated	Europe	Eastern Europe	Moldova
2	Cultivated	Europe	Eastern Europe	Ukraine
2	Cultivated	Europe	Southwestern Europe	Spain
2	Cultivated	Northern America		United States		s.e.
2	Cultivated	Pacific	Northwestern Pacific	United States	Northern Mariana Islands
2	Cultivated	Pacific	South-Central Pacific	French Polynesia	Society Islands
2	Cultivated	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Fiji
2	Cultivated	Pacific	Southwestern Pacific	Niue
2	Cultivated	Southern America	Brazil	Brazil
2	Cultivated	Southern America	Caribbean	West Indies
2	Cultivated	Southern America	Central America	Central America
2	Cultivated	Southern America	Northern South America	French Guiana
2	Cultivated	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina
2	Cultivated	Southern America	Western South America	Bolivia
2	Cultivated	Southern America	Western South America	Colombia
2	Cultivated	Southern America	Western South America	Peru

Cultivated
Africa

NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, Chad
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Central African Republic, Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte D'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, Namibia, South Africa
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion, Seychelles

Asia-Temperate

WESTERN ASIA: Iraq, Turkey
CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia
MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
MONGOLIA: Mongolia
CHINA: China
EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan, Taiwan

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan
PAPUASIA: Papua New Guinea
INDO-CHINA: Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia
NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand

Europe

EASTERN EUROPE: Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain

Northern America

REGION: United States (s.e.)

Pacific

NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: United States [Northern Mariana Islands]
SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: French Polynesia [Society Islands]
SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Fiji, Niue

Southern America

CARIBBEAN: West Indies
CENTRAL AMERICA: Central America
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: French Guiana
BRAZIL: Brazil
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Colombia, Peru
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina

Economic Uses

Usage	Type	Note	Reference
Animal food	fodder	vegetative residues & pressed seed-cake following oil extraction used	Maesen, L. J. G. van der & Sadikin Somaatmadja, eds. 1989. Pulses. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 1:35. URL: http://proseanet.org
Fuels	potential as petroleum substitute/alcohol	fide http://news.mongabay.com/2006/0509-biofuels.html,	Butler, R. A. 2006. High oil prices fuel bioenergy push. Note: re. potential use as fuel substitute
Human food	oil/fat		Maesen, L. J. G. van der & Sadikin Somaatmadja, eds. 1989. Pulses. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 1:35. URL: http://proseanet.org
Human food	pulse		Maesen, L. J. G. van der & Sadikin Somaatmadja, eds. 1989. Pulses. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 1:35. URL: http://proseanet.org
Materials	lipids	for industrial use, cosmetics	PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.prota4u.info/
Medicines	folklore		Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Medicines	folklore		McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Vertebrate poisons	birds		Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisons	birds		Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisons	mammals		Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisons	mammals		Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous