Taxon:
Capsicum annuum L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:188-189. 1753
Verified:
01/22/1997
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Adams, C. 1972. Flowering plants of Jamaica Note: treats as Capsicum baccatum
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Balick, M. J. et al. 2000. Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize, with common names and uses. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 85
- Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource). URL: http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/BSBI/taxonsearch.php
- Carrizo García, C. et al. 2016. Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae). Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 118:35-51. URL: http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/by/year
- Correll, D. S. & H. B. Correll. 1982. Flora of the Bahama archipelago.
- D'Arcy, W. G. & W. H. Eshbaugh. 1974. New World peppers (Capsicum-Solanaceae) North of Colombia. A résumé . Baileya 19:98.
- Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7 Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Capsicum+annuum&quantity=1
- Gómez-Pompa, A. & V. Sosa, eds. 1978-. Flora de Veracruz. URL: http://www.ecologia.edu.mx/publicaciones/flover.htm
- Howard, R. 1974-1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles.
- Ibiza, V. P. et al. 2012. Taxonomy and genetic diversity of domesticated Capsicum species in the Andean region. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 59:1077-1088. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10722
- Ince, A. G. et al. 2010. Genetic relationships within and between Capsicum species. Biochem. Genet. 48:83-95.
- Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource). URL: http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
- Kearney, T. H. & R. H. Peebles. 1969. Arizona flora, ed. 2. Note: treats as Capsicum baccatum
- Kochieva, E. Z. et al. 2004. Assessment of genetic relationships in the genus Capsicum using different DNA marker systems. Proceedings of the XIIth EUCARPIA meeting on genetics and breeding of Capsicum and eggplant, Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands, 17-19 May, 2004
- Kraft, K. H. et al. 2014. Multiple lines of evidence for the origin of domesticated chili pepper, Capsicum annuum in Mexico. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111:6165-6170.
- Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
- Liogier, H. A. 1981-. Flora of Hispaniola: Part 1; La Flora de la Española. Part II-.
- Liogier, H. A. 1984-. Descriptive flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands.
- Mansfeld, R. 1959. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2.
- Moscone, E. A. et al. 2007. The evolution of chili peppers (Capsicum - Solanaceae): a cytogenetic perspective. Acta Hort. 745:137-170.
- Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:87.
- NatureServe. 2009-. NatureServe Explorer: an online encyclopedia of life (on-line resource) URL: http://www.natureserve.org/explorer
- Pickersgill, B. et al. 1979. Numerical taxonomic studies on variation and domestication in some species of Capsicum. The biology and taxonomy of the Solanacae 679-699.
- Pickersgill, B. 1997. Genetic resources and breeding of Capsicum spp. Euphytica 96:129-133. Note: Netherlands journal of plant breeding
- Proctor, G. R. 1984. Flora of the Cayman Islands. Kew Bulletin Additional Series XI. Note: treats as Capsicum baccatum
- Rodriguez, J. M. et al. 1999. Variation among and within Capsicum species revealed by RAPD markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 99:147-156. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
- Sánchez-Solana, F. et al. 2016. New pepper accessions proved to be suitable as a genetic resource for use in breeding nematode-resistant rootstocks. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 14:28-34. URL: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=PGR#
- Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 8:136-140. URL: http://proseanet.org
- Smith, P. G. & C. B. Heiser, Jr. 1951. Taxonomic and genetic studies on the cultivated peppers, Capsicum annuum L. and C. frutescens L. Amer. J. Bot. 38:362-368. URL: http://www.amjbot.org
- Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. 1946-1976. Flora of Guatemala.
- Stevens, W. D. et al., eds. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85(1-3).
- Sui, Y. H. & N. B. Hu. 2015. Acquisition, identification and analysis of an interspecific Capsicum hybrid (C. annuum × C. chinense). J. Hort. Sci. Biotechnol. 90:31-38. Note: hybrids were obtained by embryo rescue technique
- Turner, B. L. et al. 2003. Atlas of the vascular plants of Texas. Sida Botanical Miscellany no. 24
- van Zonneveld, M. et al. 2015. Screening genetic resources of Capsicum peppers in their primary center of diversity in Bolivia and Peru. PLoS One 10(9): e0134663. URL: http://www.plosone.org/
- Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource). URL: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/solanaceae/capsicum-annuum/fichas/pagina1.htm
- Walsh, B. M. & S. B. Hoot. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of Capsicum (Solanaceae) using DNA sequences from two noncoding regions: The chloroplast atpB-rbcL spacer region and nuclear waxy introns. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 162:1409-1418.
- Weakley, A. S. 2007. Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, and surrounding areas. URL: http://www.herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm
- Woodson, R. E. & R. W. Schery, eds. 1943-1980. Flora of Panama.
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
- Wunderlin, R. & B. Hansen. Atlas of Florida vascular plants (on-line resource). URL: http://www.florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/
- PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.prota4u.info/
Common names
English
red capsicum – sweet pepper – French
piment annuel – poivron – Swedish
spanskpeppar – Transcribed Chinese
la liao – Transcribed Korean
gochu –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Baja California Sur | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Chihuahua | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Nuevo León | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | San Luis Potosí | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Sinaloa | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Sonora | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Tamaulipas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | Texas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Florida | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Georgia | e. |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Louisiana | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Campeche | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Chiapas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Guerrero | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Jalisco | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Michoacán de Ocampo | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Morelos | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Nayarit | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Oaxaca | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Querétaro | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Quintana Roo | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Tabasco | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Yucatán | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Arizona | s. |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Anguilla | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Bahamas | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Barbados | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Cayman Islands | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Dominica | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Dominican Republic | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Grenada | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Guadeloupe | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Haiti | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Jamaica | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Martinique | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Montserrat | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | Netherlands Antilles | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | St. Kitts and Nevis | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | St. Lucia | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | St. Vincent and Grenadines | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Caribbean | United States | Puerto Rico | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Belize | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Costa Rica | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Guatemala | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Honduras | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Nicaragua | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Central America | Panama | | |
1 | Native | Southern America | Western South America | Colombia | | |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | widely cult. |
4 | Naturalized | | | | | natzd. elsewhere |
Native
Northern America
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Florida, Georgia (e.), Louisiana]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Texas]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Arizona (s.)]
-
NORTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Chihuahua, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Baja California Sur]
-
SOUTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán de Ocampo, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Querétaro, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, Yucatán]
Southern America
-
CARIBBEAN:
Anguilla, Netherlands Antilles, Bahamas, Barbados, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Grenada, Haiti, Jamaica, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, Montserrat, Martinique, United States [Puerto Rico], St. Vincent and Grenadines
-
CENTRAL AMERICA:
Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama
-
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Colombia
Cultivated
(widely cult.)
Naturalized
(natzd. elsewhere)