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Taxon:  Brassica rapa L. subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg. (Brassica rapa Turnip Rape Group)



Summary
Genus:
Brassica
Family:
Brassicaceae (alt. Cruciferae)
Tribe:
Brassiceae
Nomen number:
319648
Place of publication:
Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 49. 1833
Comment:
[or Brassica rapa Turnip Rape Group]
Verified:
06/04/2010 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Brassica rapa L. (7 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. f. rapa (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt var. parachinensis (L. H. Bailey) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt var. purpuraria (L. H. Bailey) Kitam. (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. dichotoma (Roxb.) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. japonica Shebalina (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. narinosa (L. H. Bailey) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica (L. H. Bailey) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica (L. H. Bailey) Hanelt var. perviridis L. H. Bailey (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg. f. annua (Metzg.) Thell. (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg. f. biennis (Metzg.) Thell. (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg. var. ruvo (L. H. Bailey) Gladis & K. Hammer (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. trilocularis (Roxb.) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. var. rapa (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Brassica rapa L. unranked oleifera DC.

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Brassica campestris L.
Brassica campestris L. subsp. campestris
Brassica campestris L. unranked oleifera DC., nom. inval.
Brassica campestris L. var. campestris
Brassica rapa L. subsp. campestris (L.) A. R. Clapham
Brassica rapa L. subsp. sylvestris Janch., nom. nud.
Brassica rapa L. var. sylvestris Purchas & Ley
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource). URL: http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/BSBI/taxonsearch.php
  2. Cheng, B. F. et al. 2001. Low glucosinolate Brassica juncea breeding line revealed to be nullisomic. Genome 44:738.
  3. Chrungu, B. et al. 1999. Production and characterization of interspecific hybrids between Brassica maurorum and crop brassicas. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98:608-613. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  4. Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen
  5. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). URL: http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
  6. Garg, H. et al. 2007. Hybridizing Brassica rapa with wild crucifers Diplotaxis erucoides and Brassica maurorum. Euphytica 156:417-424. Note: Netherlands journal of plant breeding
  7. Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 URL: http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
  8. Hegi, G. et al. 1986. Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa 4(1):457. Note: treats under Brassica rapa var. silvestris (Lam.) Briggs
  9. Mansfeld, R. 1959. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2.
  10. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
  11. McFerson, J. 1994. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
  12. Musil, A. F. 1948. Distinguishing species of Brassica by their seeds. Misc. Publ. Bur. Pl. Industr. U.S.D.A. 643:1-35.
  13. Olsson, G. 1954. Crosses within the campestris group of the genus Brassica. Hereditas (Beijing) 40:414. Note: = Brassica campestris subsp. oleifera (Metzg.) Sinsk.
  14. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). URL: http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  15. Prakash, S. & K. Hinata. 1980. Taxonomy, cytogenetics and origin of crop brassicas, a review. Opera Bot. 55:12-13. Note: = Brassica campestris subsp. oleifera (Metzg.) Sinsk.
  16. Song, K. et al. 1988. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 1. Genome evolution of diploid and amphidiploid species. Theor. Appl. Genet. 75:784-794. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  17. Song, K. et al. 1988. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 2. Preliminary analysis of subspecies within B. rapa (syn. campestris) and B. oleracea. Theor. Appl. Genet. 76:593-600. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  18. Stace, C. 1995. New flora of the British Isles.
  19. Takuno, S. et al. 2010. Assessment of genetic diversity of accessions in Brassicaceae genetic resources by frequency distribution analysis of S haplotypes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 120:1129-1138. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  20. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa. Note: mentions; lists as Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera DC.
  21. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1993. Flora europaea, ed. 2. Note: mentions; lists as Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera DC.
  22. University of Idaho. 2010. Brassica breeding and research goals. Note: re. potential use as fuel
  23. Velasco, L. et al. 1998. Variability for the fatty acid composition of the seed oil in a germplasm collection of the genus Brassica. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 45:371-382. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10722
  24. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2006. Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259:249-258. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/606 Note: lists in database
  25. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2008. AFLP-based molecular characterization of Brassica rapa and diversity in Canadian spring turnip rape cultivars. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 6:11-21. URL: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=PGR#
  26. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). URL: http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2 Note: = Brassica rapa var. oleifera DC.
  27. Young, R. 1996. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
  28. Zhao, J. et al. 2005. Genetic relationships within Brassica rapa as inferred from AFLP fingerprints. Theor. Appl. Genet. 110:1301-1314. URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
Common names
English
bird rape –
canola –
colza –
field mustard –
Polish canola –
turnip rape –
wild turnip –
French
navette –
German
Rübsaat –
Rübsen –
Italian
ravizzone –
Japanese Rōmaji
natane –
Portuguese (Brazil)
nabo-selvagem –
nabo-silvestre –
Spanish
nabina –
Swedish
åkerkål –
Transcribed Chinese
yun tai –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
2Cultivated    widely cult.
3AdventiveAfricaEast Tropical AfricaKenya  
3AdventiveAfricaEast Tropical AfricaTanzania  
3AdventiveAfricaEast Tropical AfricaUganda  
3AdventiveAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEritrea  
3AdventiveAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEthiopia  
3AdventiveAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMozambique  
3AdventiveAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZimbabwe  
3AdventiveAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  
3AdventiveAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
3AdventiveSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazil  
3AdventiveSouthern AmericaCaribbeanBarbados  
3AdventiveSouthern AmericaCaribbeanGuadeloupe  
3AdventiveSouthern AmericaCaribbeanMartinique  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationDagestan 
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian Federation-CiscaucasiaCiscaucasia 
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKazakhstan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKyrgyzstan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTajikistan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTurkmenistan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaUzbekistan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateMongoliaMongolia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateRussian Far EastRussian Federation-Far EastFar East 
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Eastern SiberiaEastern Siberia 
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Western SiberiaWestern Siberia 
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaNew ZealandNew Zealand  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeEstonia  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeLatvia  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeLithuania  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean part 
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine incl. Krym
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeBelgium  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeCzech Republic  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeNetherlands  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropePoland  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeSlovakia  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeDenmark  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeFinland  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeIreland  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeSweden  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeUnited Kingdom  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBosnia and Herzegovina  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeCroatia  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia, Sicily
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeMontenegro  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeNorth Macedonia  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSlovenia  
4NaturalizedEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance s.
4NaturalizedEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. Baleares
4NaturalizedNorthern America Canada  
4NaturalizedNorthern America Mexico  
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States  
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii 
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificNew Caledonia  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCaribbeanHispaniola  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCentral AmericaNicaragua  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentina  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaChile  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaParaguayAlto Paraguay 
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaUruguay  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaBolivia  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaEcuador  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaPeru  
6Other    widespread weed, probable origin Eurasia
Cultivated (widely cult.)
Adventive
Africa
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Eritrea, Ethiopia
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Mozambique, Zimbabwe
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Pakistan
Southern America
  • CARIBBEAN: Barbados, Guadeloupe, Martinique
  • BRAZIL: Brazil
Naturalized
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
  • MONGOLIA: Mongolia
  • RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation-Far East [Far East]
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Europe
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (s.)
Northern America
  • REGION: Canada, Mexico, United States
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
  • SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: New Caledonia
Southern America
  • CARIBBEAN: Hispaniola
  • CENTRAL AMERICA: Nicaragua
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile, Paraguay [Alto Paraguay], Uruguay
Other (widespread weed, probable origin Eurasia)
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Environmentalsoil improveras Brassica campestrisUniversity of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource). URL: http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop/ Note: lists as Brassica campestris L.
Fuelspotential as petroleum substitute/alcoholfide http://www.ag.uidaho.edu/brassica/area_of_interest.htm,University of Idaho. 2010. Brassica breeding and research goals. Note: re. potential use as fuel
Harmful organism hostcrop diseasesas Brassica campestrisHolm, L. et al. 1997. World weeds: natural histories and distribution John Wiley & Sons, New York, New York. 123.
Harmful organism hostcrop pestsas Brassica campestrisHolm, L. et al. 1997. World weeds: natural histories and distribution John Wiley & Sons, New York, New York. 123.
Human foodoil/fat Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6 URL: http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
Medicinesfolklore Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Vertebrate poisonsmammalsas Brassica campestrisCooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning
Weedpotential seed contaminantfide WorldWeeds 117. 1997, as Brassica campestrisHolm, L. et al. 1997. World weeds: natural histories and distribution John Wiley & Sons, New York, New York. 123.


ILRI Germplasm Policy (excerpts)

The International Livestock research Institute (ILRI) maintains a collection of forage germplasm as a global public good. The material was acquired prior to the entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity; or if it was acquired after the entering into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it was obtained with the understanding that it was held in trust and could be made available for any agricultural research, breeding and training purposes under the terms and conditions set out in the agreement between the ILRI and FAO dated 26 October 1994. On 16 October 2006, ILRI signed an agreement with the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) placing these in trust collections of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) within the purview of the Treaty.

In accordance with this Agreement, all shipments of PGRFA of crops listed in Annex 1 to the Treaty (shipments of PGRFA under the Multilateral System) will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA). In the event that the SMTA (attached) is used for the transfer of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture other than those listed in Annex 1 of the Treaty: i) The references in the SMTA to the "Multilateral System" shall not be interpreted as limiting the application of the SMTA to Annex 1 Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and in the case of Article 6.2 of the SMTA shall mean "under this Agreement". ii) The reference in Article 6.11 and Annex 3 of the SMTA to "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop, as set out in Annex 1 to the Treaty" shall be taken to mean "Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture belonging to the same crop".

The material is held in trust and the recipient has no rights to obtain Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on the material or related information. The recipient may utilize and conserve the material for research, breeding and training and may distribute it to other parties provided such parties accept the terms and conditions of the SMTA .

ILRI will provide forage seeds in small experimental quantities of between 1 and 20 grams without charge from the germplasm collection under the SMTA as appropriate for the crop as part of its policy of maximizing the utilization of material for research, breeding and training. Larger quantities sufficient to sow up to one quarter of a hectare of a limited number of promising accessions will require that requesters cover the costs of production and shipping.

ILRI makes no warranties as to the safety or title of the material, nor as to the accuracy or correctness of any passport or other data provided with the material. Neither does it make any warranties as to the quality, viability, or purity (genetic or mechanical) of the material being furnished. The phytosanitary condition of the material is warranted only as described in the attached phytosanitary certificate. The recipient assumes full responsibility for complying with the recipient nation’s quarantine and biosafety regulations and rules as to import or release of genetic material.